5 male and 5 female volunteers in normal weight range

5 male and 5 female volunteers with obesity (BMI 29.0-35.0 kg/m2)

Participants will consume a mixed meal drink (Ensure) equivalent to 40% of basil metabolic rate as calculated via Harris Benedict equation.

Following consumption of the drink they will undergo a series of blood draws over the following 4 hours:

• Plasma glucose will be measured according to a mixed meal test protocol every 10 minutes for the first hour and then every 15, then 30 minutes for the last 3 hours.
• 1 ml plasma aliquots for exosome analysis and insulin concentrations will be drawn every 30 minutes following consumption of ensure for 4 hours.
• Blood gasses will be drawn every 30 minutes for the 4 hours following the meal.

Participants will undergo a second abdominal adipose tissue biopsy 3 hours following mixed meal drink.

Blood flow will be measured in the upper body subcutaneous adipose tissue using Xenon washout and reported as blood flow in ml/min/100g adipose tissue.

Sugar in the form of glucose in the blood. The concentration of glucose in the blood. A healthy normal range is 70 to 99 mg/dL, results reported in mg/dL