50 Pregnant women in the control group will be given pregnancy counseling that includes only nutrition, walking (3 days a week for 30 minutes), and breathing exercises, and will be called for 1st, 2nd and 3rd month check-ups.

In addition to pregnancy counseling, the Qigong group will receive (52 participants) 2 Qigong training sessions, one via Zoom and one face-to-face, and then the training videos of each exercise will be sent via WhatsApp. Patients will be asked to do the Qigong exercises at home for 30 minutes, 3 days a week for 12 weeks. These patients will be called for 1-month, 2-month and 3-month check-ups.

Ba Duan Jin Qigong

Glucose is the key metabolic substrate for tissue energy production. In the perinatal period the mother supplies glucose to the fetus and for most of the gestational period the normal lower limit of fetal glucose concentration is around 3 mmol/L. diabetes is high blood sugar (glucose) that develops during pregnancy and usually disappears after giving birth. It can happen at any stage of pregnancy, but is more common in the second or third trimester.

The Pregnancy Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale (P-ESES) is a validated tool designed to assess a pregnant woman's confidence in her ability to engage in physical activity during pregnancy. It measures self-efficacy across various situations that may influence exercise behavior, such as fatigue, lack of time, or discomfort. The scale typically includes a set of statements where respondents rate their confidence levels using a Likert-type scale (usually from 1 = not at all confident to 5 = completely confident). Higher total scores indicate greater self-efficacy regarding exercise during pregnancy. The final score is calculated by summing all item responses, and it helps identify women who may need additional support or encouragement to stay active.

High blood pressure during pregnancy occurs when a pregnant woman has a blood pressure reading of 140/90 mm Hg or higher in two readings that are 4 or more hours apart. Severe high blood pressure during pregnancy occurs when a pregnant woman has a blood pressure reading of 160/110 mm Hg on two or more occasions

The PSRS36 is a psychometrically sound and practical tool for nurses and other healthcare providers to assess prenatal stress and to examine intervention protocols in Taiwanese prenatal women. More research is recommended to determine whether the PSRS36 may be used in other racial-ethnic groups.