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This randomized controlled trial investigates the comparative effects of a combined preoperative and postoperative cardiac rehabilitation program versus a postoperative-only program on functional capacity, pulmonary function, peripheral muscle strength, pain, kinesiophobia, and quality of life in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. The study aims to determine whether initiating rehabilitation prior to surgery improves short-term postoperative outcomes.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental Group | Experimental | Preoperative cardiac rehabilitation + postoperative cardiac rehabilitation (structured exercise, respiratory physiotherapy, and patient education) |
|
| Control Group | Active Comparator | Postoperative cardiac rehabilitation (structured exercise, respiratory physiotherapy, and patient education) |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Preoperative Cardiac Rehabilitation | Other | Structured exercise program, respiratory physiotherapy, and patient education |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) | Forced Vital Capacity will be measured before six-minute walk test according to the guideline of ERS. | 2 weeks |
| Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1) | Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second will be measured before six-minute walk test according to the guideline of ERS. | 2 weeks |
| Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF) | Peak Expiratory Flow will be measured before six-minute walk test according to the guideline of ERS. | 2 weeks |
| Forced Expiratory Flow 25-75% (FEF25-75) | Forced Expiratory Flow 25-75% will be measured before six-minute walk test according to the guideline of ERS. | 2 weeks |
| 6-minute Walk Test | The 6-minute Walk Test will be performed according to ATS guidelines. Walking distance, minute ventilation, respiratory rate, inspiratory capacity and breathing reserve will be recorded. | 2 weeks |
| M. Quadriceps Muscle Strength | The m. quadriceps muscle strength will be measured using the MicroFet 2 hand-held dynamometer (Hogan Health Industries, USA). The test will be repeated three times for the dominant side and the average value in kilograms (kg) will be recorded. | 2 weeks |
| M. Biceps Muscle Strength | The m. biceps muscle strength will be measured using the MicroFet 2 hand-held dynamometer (Hogan Health Industries, USA). The test will be repeated three times for the dominant side and the average value in kilograms (kg) will be recorded. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Level of Pain | Pain assessment will be performed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to evaluate chest pain levels. Participants will be asked to mark their current pain intensity on a 10 cm horizontal line, with "no pain" at one end and "worst imaginable pain" at the other. The distance in centimeters from the "no pain" end to the mark will be measured and recorded as the pain score. | 2 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hikmet Ucgun, PT, PhD | Atlas University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Istanbul Atlas University | Istanbul | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003324 | Coronary Artery Disease |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003327 | Coronary Disease |
| D017202 | Myocardial Ischemia |
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
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Randomized, Parallel Assignment
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| Postoperative Cardiac Rehabilitation | Other | Structured exercise program, respiratory physiotherapy, and patient education |
|
| 2 weeks |
| Cough Peak Flow | Cough Peak Flow (CPF) will be measured using a peak expiratory flow meter. Participants will be instructed to take a maximal deep breath and then cough as forcefully as possible into the device; the highest value from three trials will be recorded in liters per minute (L/min). Measurements will be performed in a seated position, ensuring a tight mouth seal and consistent technique. | 2 weeks |
| Level of Fear of Movement | Fear of movement (kinesiophobia) will be assessed using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). Participants will complete the 17-item questionnaire, which evaluates fear of movement and re-injury on a 4-point Likert scale. The total score, ranging from 17 to 68, will be calculated, with higher scores indicating greater fear of movement. | 2 weeks |
| Level of Quality of Life | Quality of life will be assessed using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey. Participants will complete the 36-item questionnaire, which evaluates eight domains including physical functioning, bodily pain, general health, and mental well-being. Each domain will be scored from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better perceived quality of life. | 2 weeks |
| D001161 |
| Arteriosclerosis |
| D001157 | Arterial Occlusive Diseases |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |