Pre-operative Respiratory Rehabilitation in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients

Effect of Pre-operative Respiratory Rehabilitation on Post- Operative Outcomes in Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Patients

To compare the effects of conventional preoperative respiratory rehabilitation and specific preoperative respiratory rehabilitation program on pulmonary functions in coronary artery bypass graft patients.

After cardiac surgeries many postoperative changes occur that lead to pulmonary complication such as respiratory changes, functional capacity of lungs and gaseous changes that leads to hypoxemia and ischemic injury of lungs. CABG, although a successful procedure, post operative pulmonary complications still pursue a big challenge to the health and fitness of the patients. Although post operative complications have been managed in in-patient setup post CABG, there are pre-operative measures on the rise to prevent the complications to occur after CABG.

This study will contribute in describing the rate of improvement in pulmonary functions with rehabilitation program including preoperative out of bed mobilization, active cycle breathing techniques, forced expiratory technique and volume-based incentive spirometry as compared to the conventional treatment of flow-based incentive spirometry and chest percussion in prevention of post operative pulmonary complications occurring after CABG leading to delayed recovery of patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients undergoing elective Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery for Triple vessel coronary artery disease (TVCAD), double vessel coronary artery disease (DVCAD), single vessel coronary artery disease (SVCAD) and left main stem (LMS) disease.
• Patients who cover at least 400 steps on 6-minute walk test.
• Patients with ejection fraction 45% or more

Exclusion Criteria:

• Acute ailments i.e., patient's cardiac condition deteriorating.
• Cardiac emergency (shock, acute MI)
• Presence of neurological disorders e.g., altered state of consciousness, paralysis.
• Redo surgeries
• Any musculoskeletal disorder e.g., amputation of limb, problems of balance and risks of fall, muscles weakness grade 3 or less, osteoporosis; leading to limitation in exercise.