The stress levels of the participating child and their parents were evaluated using saliva to measure the stress biomarkers.

All of the dental treatments of the enrolled children were performed under general anesthesia. The stress biomarkers, such as alpha-amylase and cortisol levels, were measured from the participating child's saliva samples at pre-operative and post-operative. Additionally, the stress levels of the mothers were evaluated by questionnaires at the beginning of the study.

Inclusion Criteria: The children

• who did not allow their dental treatments to be completed using behavioral guidance techniques in the clinical environment.
• who had no physical or psychosocial diseases were recruited Exclusion Criteria: The children
• who were unable to give a saliva sample due to increased anxiety or inadequate saliva.

The data presented in this study are available from the corresponding authors upon reasonable request.