This observational study investigates the correlation between forward head posture and hand grip strength, pinch grip strength, and wrist joint position sense among dentists aged 23-30 years. The aim is to understand the impact of poor head posture on upper limb function in dental professionals.

The study evaluates the relationship between craniovertebral angle and upper limb strength and proprioception using hand dynamometers, pinch gauges, and goniometers. Forward head posture is assessed photometrically. A total of 82 participants will be recruited, all dentists, aged 23-30 years, with FHP confirmed by CVA <50°. Hand grip, pinch grip (tip, palmar, lateral), and wrist joint position sense (flexion/extension) will be assessed in the dominant hand only.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male and female dentists

Aged 23-30

BMI 18.5-29.9 kg/m²

Dominant hand used for testing

Forward head posture (CVA < 50°)

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of cervical trauma or surgery

Cervical radiculopathy or disc herniation

Upper limb neurological or orthopedic disorders

Dizziness, blurred vision, or neck/shoulder pain

Male and female dentists aged 23-30 years, including residents, interns, and senior dental students, with forward head posture (craniovertebral angle < 50°), recruited from the Faculty of Dentistry at Kafr El-Sheikh University. Participants must have a BMI between 18.5 and 29.9 kg/m² and no history of neurological or orthopedic disorders affecting the upper limb or cervical spine.