The goal of this study is to conduct analyses the changes of cell growth factors, inflammatory factors, metabolites, plasma proteome, etc. in the blood of patients with ACS (acute coronary syndrome), as well as their correlations with the disease prognosis, based on multi-omics or other related research methods. The main questions it aims to answer are:

The growth factors that have significant changes in the peripheral blood of the ACS population, especially fibroblast growth factors? Inflammatory factors and chemokines related to the onset of ACS? The metabolites and proteins that are significantly altered in the peripheral blood after the onset of ACS? Researchers will compare ACS population to CCS (Chronic Coronary Syndrome) population, and control group (patients without coronary artery stenosis, valvular heart disease, structural heart disease, or any other kind of cardiomyopathy).The peripheral venous blood from the participants will be collected within 24 hours after their admission to the hospital.

Inclusion Criteria:

For ACS group STEMI

• cTn>99th ULN or CK-MB>99th ULN
• ST-segment elevation with a convex upward morphology
• in conjunction with one or more of the following conditions: persistent ischemic chest pain; echocardiographic evidence of abnormal segmental ventricular wall motion; or abnormal coronary angiography findings.

NSTEMI

• cTn>99th ULN or CK-MB>99th ULN
• accompanied by one or more of the following situations: persistent ischemic chest pain; new ST-segment depression or low and inverted T waves; echocardiography showing segmental ventricular wall motion abnormalities; abnormal coronary angiography.

UA

• cTn normal
• ischemic chest pain with an electrocardiogram showing transient ST-segment depression or flattened and inverted T waves
• evidence of coronary artery stenosis (e.g., CTA demonstrating ≥ 50% stenosis) For CCS group
• Clinical Diagnosis Consistent with CCS Categories, meet any one of the following clinical scenarios: Stable Angina Pectoris, Ischemic Cardiomyopathy, Post-ACS Stable Phase, Long-Term CAD Management, Vasospastic or Microvascular Disease, Asymptomatic CAD
• Laboratory and Imaging Confirmation: Resting ECG without ST-segment elevation or dynamic changes (excluding ACS), cTn normal or stable (no acute myocardial injury), ≥50% luminal stenosis in ≥1 epicardial coronary artery For control group
• Patients without coronary artery stenosis, valvular heart disease, structural heart disease, or any other kind of cardiomyopathy

Exclusion Criteria:

• Lactating or pregnant women
• Patients with malignant neoplasms
• Severe hepatic/renal dysfunction
• Severe hematological disorders
• Autoimmune diseases

Patients who presented to Lishui Central Hospital (Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University) due to cardiac discomfort or other related symptoms were consecutively enrolled in the present study.