Numerous chemotherapy and immunotherapy resistance genes have been identified in cancers in general and acute myeloid leukemia in particular. As a preliminary to this study, the investigators hypothesized the co-expression of these genes in the same cell as a major factor in relapse. This hypothesis was supported in vitro by the study of the evolution of these co-expressions after incubation with chemotherapy drugs. The current study aims to verify this hypothesis by studying the expression of these genes in single-cell samples from relapsed acute myeloid leukemia patients.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patient
• Patient who has received information about the study and has not expressed opposition,
• Patients who are beneficiaries of a social security plan,
• Patient with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia, whatever the previous treatment, the therapeutic line and the time between the previous treatment and the relapse.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Persons who do not understand the French language if there is no translator available to translate for them.
• Absence of circulating blastosis.