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discover possible differences and develop effective preventative interventions by examining the relationship between salivary biomarkers and caries prevalence across different racial groups and Detect risk factors involved in caries incidence .
Dental caries is a multifactorial condition that is influenced by both external and internal variables. Tooth decay progression is directly influenced by host factors, including the individual's immune competence, saliva flow rate and buffering capacity, tooth form, and bacterial makeup .
While salivary biomarkers are essential for predicting the risk of dental caries, little is known about how they relate to caries in a variety of populations. By examining the relationship between salivary biomarkers and caries prevalence across several racial groups, this study seeks to close this gap and enhance culturally appropriate preventive approaches . There have been contentious discussions over the causes of differences in oral health during the past forty years. The term "structural inequities" refers to the social, environmental, economic, and cultural determinants of health, which are frequently impacted by racial or ethnic background, gender, work status, immigrant status, and geographic location. Racialized populations have demonstrated greater rates of untreated dental decay (caries), severe periodontal disease, and total or partial edentulism . Typically, "race" refers to an individual's physical characteristics, such as skin tone or hair type, which may indicate their ancestry. White, African American, or Asian descent are some examples of classifications that are frequently used to characterize race .
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| caries free |
| ||
| CARIES EXPERINCED |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salivary biomarkers tests | Diagnostic Test | saliva samples are collected from participants |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| the patient has caries or not according to ELISA and colorimetric assay | Change in concentration of salivary PRP( proline rich proteins) levels (ng\ml ) | 3 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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different races : Asian , African , Indian .
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatma ahmed al safy, Master degree | Contact | 00201145084182 | fatomalsafy@gmai.com | |
| shereen hafez ibrahim, phd | Contact | 01099296591 | shereen.hafez@dentistry.cu.edu.eg |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26622284 | Background | Abdinian M, Razavi SM, Faghihian R, Samety AA, Faghihian E. Accuracy of Digital Bitewing Radiography versus Different Views of Digital Panoramic Radiography for Detection of Proximal Caries. J Dent (Tehran). 2015 Apr;12(4):290-7. | |
| 28723991 | Background | Barreto ML. Health inequalities: a global perspective. Cien Saude Colet. 2017 Jul;22(7):2097-2108. doi: 10.1590/1413-81232017227.02742017. English, Portuguese, Spanish. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003731 | Dental Caries |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017001 | Tooth Demineralization |
| D014076 | Tooth Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |
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| 29104292 | Background | Beckfield J, Olafsdottir S. Health Inequalities in Global Context. Am Behav Sci. 2013;57(8):1014-1039. doi: 10.1177/0002764213487343. Epub 2013 Jun 26. |
| 29385197 | Background | Cash-Gibson L, Rojas-Gualdron DF, Pericas JM, Benach J. Inequalities in global health inequalities research: A 50-year bibliometric analysis (1966-2015). PLoS One. 2018 Jan 31;13(1):e0191901. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191901. eCollection 2018. |
| 38279035 | Background | Daley S, Nugent A, Taylor GD. Dental divisions: exploring racial inequities of dental caries amongst children. Evid Based Dent. 2024 Mar;25(1):41-42. doi: 10.1038/s41432-024-00977-w. Epub 2024 Jan 26. |
| 31372488 | Background | Han C. Oral health disparities: Racial, language and nativity effects. SSM Popul Health. 2019 Jun 21;8:100436. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100436. eCollection 2019 Aug. |
| 38972309 | Background | Havsed K, Carda-Dieguez M, Isaksson H, Stensson M, Carlsson E, Jansson H, Malmodin D, Nord AB, Wickstrom C, Mira A. Salivary Proteins and Metabolites as Caries Biomarkers in Adolescents. Caries Res. 2024;58(6):573-588. doi: 10.1159/000540090. Epub 2024 Jul 17. |
| 34655251 | Background | Nath S, Poirier B, Ju X, Kapellas K, Haag D, Jamieson L. Periodontal disease inequities among Indigenous populations: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res. 2022 Jan;57(1):11-29. doi: 10.1111/jre.12942. Epub 2021 Oct 16. |
| 34107490 | Background | Nath S, Poirier BF, Ju X, Kapellas K, Haag DG, Ribeiro Santiago PH, Jamieson LM. Dental Health Inequalities among Indigenous Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Caries Res. 2021;55(4):268-287. doi: 10.1159/000516137. Epub 2021 Jun 9. |
| 33678680 | Background | Smith PD, Wright W, Hill B. Structural Racism and Oral Health Inequities of Black vs. non-Hispanic White Adults in the U.S. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2021;32(1):50-63. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2021.0007. |
| 32518218 | Background | Stojkovic B, Igic M, Jevtovic Stoimenov T, Trickovic Janjic O, Ignjatovic A, Kostic M, Petrovic M, Stojanovic S. Can Salivary Biomarkers Be Used as Predictors of Dental Caries in Young Adolescents? Med Sci Monit. 2020 Jun 10;26:e923471. doi: 10.12659/MSM.923471. |
| 15263977 | Background | Travassos C, Williams DR. The concept and measurement of race and their relationship to public health: a review focused on Brazil and the United States. Cad Saude Publica. 2004 May-Jun;20(3):660-78. doi: 10.1590/s0102-311x2004000300003. Epub 2004 May 19. |