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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Hong Kong Young Women's Christian Association | OTHER |
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This study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a forest bathing intervention for people living with dementia and their family carers, and examined its effectivness on care burden and quality of life by comparing to an art activty programme as control group.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Forest bathing | Experimental | The modified forest bathing intervention was designed by a qualified forest therapist certified by the Association of Nature and Forest Therapy. The intervention protocol was developed based on existing forest bathing protocol and modified after field-testing with family caregivers. The intervention consisted of 3 sessions, delivered every two weeks, with approximately two hours per session. Each session took place at a suitable park in the participant's community. During the session, a group of 6 to 8 dyads of people living with dementia and their caregivers were guided by a trained forest therapy guide to engage in nature-based activities, such as walking in the woods, listening to the nature, and interacting with objects in the nature through different sensations. In between sessions, caregivers were encouraged to guide the PLwD and practice similar nature-based activities at times and locations at their convenience. |
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| Art activity | Active Comparator | The art activity intervention was modified from usual art activity session organised by the social service providers for family caregivers and PLwD. It consisted of 3 sessions, delivered every two weeks, with approximately two hours per session. Each session took place in an elderly community centre in the participant's neighbourhood. During the session, participants were guided to engage in individual or collaborative art activities of different forms, such as photo frame of dried flowers, plushball painting, and paper quilling. All the sessions were delivered by a social worker or program worker with experience in art-based activities. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Forest Bathing | Behavioral | Forest bathing intervention is a group structured psychosocial intervention. Its core therapeutic element is its nature-based activities that took place in an outdoor green space. During the session, participants would be guided by a trained forest therapy guide to engage in nature-based activities, such as walking in the woods, listening to the nature, and interacting with objects in the nature through different sensations. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Caregiver's Care Burden measured by 12-item version of Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI-12) | Possible range: 0-48, with higher scores indicate a worse outcome | Baseline and 6 weeks |
| Change in Caregiver's Depressive Symptoms measured by the Depression subscale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D) | Possible range: 0-21, with higher scores indicate a worse outcome | Baseline and 6 weeks |
| Change in Caregiver's Anxiety Symptoms measured by the Anxiety subscale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-A) | Possible range: 0-21, with higher scores indicate a worse outcome | Baseline and 6 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in Caregiver's Positive Aspect of Caregiving measured by the Positive Aspect of Caregiving Scale (PACS) | Possible range: 11-55, with higher scores indicate a better outcome | Baseline and 6 weeks |
| Change in Caregiver's Caregiving Self-Efficacy measured by the Revised Scale for Caregiving Self-Efficacy (CSE-R) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Chak Pui Jacky Choy, PhD | The University of Hong Kong | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The University of Hong Kong | Hong Kong | Hong Kong |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003704 | Dementia |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000099080 | Forest Therapy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012064 | Relaxation Therapy |
| D026441 | Mind-Body Therapies |
| D000529 | Complementary Therapies |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
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| Art activity | Behavioral | Art activity intervention is a group semi-structured psychosocial intervention. Its main therapeutic element is its engagement in art-based activites. During the session, participants would be guided in individual or collaborative art activities of different forms, such as painting, paper arts, and dried flower art, by an experienced interventionist in an activity room. |
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Possible range: 0-100, with higher scores indicate a better outcome |
| Baseline and 6 weeks |
| Change in Caregiver's Health-related Quality of Life measured by the Visual Analogue Scale of EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level (EQ5D5L VAS) | Possible range: 0-100, with higher scores indicate a better outcome | Baseline and 6 weeks |
| Change in Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Person Living with Dementia measured by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory - Questionnaire (NPI-Q) | Possible range: 0-12, with higher scores indicate a worse outcome | Baseline and 6 weeks |
| Change in Health-related Quality of Life of Person Living with Dementia measured by the Visual Analogue Scale of EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level (EQ5D5L VAS) | Possible range: 0-100, with higher scores indicate a better outcome | Baseline and 6 weeks |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |