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Randomized active-sham controlled between-subject real-time fMRI neurofeedback trial aiming to modulate activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) to improve subjective positive anticipation.
A randomized double-blind sham-controlled between-subject design using real-time fMRI neurofeedback. In a randomized order, a total of 60 healthy subjects will be recruited and assigned (1) experimental group (EG; N=30), which receives real neurofeedback from the left medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), or (2) control group (CG; N=30) which receives sham neurofeedback from the primary motor cortex (M1). Neurofeedback training consists of 1 baseline session without feedback, 4 training sessions with real-time feedback, and and 1 transfer session without feedback. Resting state fMRI will be employed to explore neural effects. Objectives are to determine (1) if subjects in the neurofeedback (NF) group can gain volitional control over the mPFC activation using positive episodic regulation strategy, (2) whether successful increased modulation of the mPFC could enhance positive anticipation for future events and motivation (using the Effort-Expenditure for Reward Task, EEfRT).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Neurofeedback training | Experimental | Subjects in the neurofeedback training group are instructed to regulate their medial prefrontal cortex activity based on the visual neurofeedback. |
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| Control | Sham Comparator | Subjects in the sham control group receive the same instruction but perform the regulation based on neurofeedback from an unrelated region (i.e. primary motor cortex) which is not involved in episodic future thinking (a controlled sham region). |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| real-time fMRI sham-controlled neurofeedback training procedure | Procedure | real-time fMRI neurofeedback training procedure running on the Turbo Brain voyager (TBV) 4.2 software (Brain Innovation, Maastricht, The Netherlands) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Neural activity of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) based on blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal | Training-induced changes in mPFC activity will be assessed by analyzing BOLD-level activation of the mPFC | 1 hour |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Training-related changes in anticipated pleasure | Participants will be required to rate the anticipated pleasantness of future events using a Likert Scale ranging from 1 to 9 (1 = not at all pleasant) and 9 = very pleasant). | 1 hour |
| Training-related changes in motivational effort |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(UESTC) | Chengdu | Sichuan | 611731 | China |
Corresponding individual level data will be made available upon request
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Training-induced changes in motivational effort as measured by the Effort Expenditure for Rewards Task (EEfRT) |
| 1 hour |