Activation of NOD2 Receptors in Preterm Infants by Lactobacillus Reuteri DSM17938

A Pilot Study on the Activation of NOD2 Receptors in Preterm Infants by Lactobacillus Reuteri DSM17938

Primary Objective: To evaluate the capacity of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM17938 to activate NOD2 receptors in preterm infants.

Secondary Objective: To analyze the impact of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM17938 on the gut microbiome of preterm infants

This study was designed as an open-label, stratified, randomized, parallel-controlled pilot study, using gestational age as the stratification factor. Participants were stratified according to birth gestational age < 32 weeks, 32 weeks ≤ birth gestational age < 37 weeks, and simple randomization method was used in each gestational age group. All subjects were enrolled after birth/hospital admission, and the experimental group started intervention at 10-14 days after birth, and the intervention period was 14 days.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Preterm infants with a gestational age of less than 37 weeks.
2. Birth weight of less than 2500 grams.
3. Hospitalized within 72 hours after birth.
4. Parents or legal guardians have signed an informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Congenital digestive tract malformations, genetic metabolic diseases, or congenital immunodeficiency diseases.
2. A history of severe asphyxia, infection, or liver and kidney dysfunction at birth/enrollment.
3. Death within 72 hours after birth.