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The aim of this study was to assess the performance of ChatGPT on examinations administered to physical medicine and rehabilitation (PMR) residents.
These exams for resident physicians are annual exams administered throughout the training period, which constitute a fundamental component of the training process towards becoming a PMR physician. In this study, we evaluated the performance of ChatGPT in these exams, made separate assessments for each training year, and compared the results of ChatGPT with the results of residents who passed the same exam.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physical medicine and rehabilitation residents | The residents enrolled in the PMR specialization training program held throughout Turkey in May 2024 |
| |
| ChatGPT | A new user was created for the free version of the ChatGPT-4o application, and a series of questions belonging to four distinct education levels were posed to it, one by one. For each question, ChatGPT was instructed to select only one option out of five. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| resident exam | Other | Resident exam in May 2024. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The comparison of resident exam results and ChatGPT answers to the same questions | In May 2024, the exam results of residents in training and research hospitals affiliated with the Health Sciences University across Türkiye will be compared with the answers and rankings given by ChatGPT to the same questions. ChatGPT accuracy rate and response time to questions will be determined. The minimum score to be obtained from this exam is 0 and the maximum score is 100. | through study completion, an average of 10 days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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The study used exam questions taken by the majority of residents enrolled in the PMR specialization training program held throughout Turkey in May 2024. These exam questions were selected from a pool of questions developed by lecturers affiliated with the PMR departments of hospitals affiliated with the University of Health Sciences. The exam questions were structured to cover four different difficulty levels.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital | Istanbul | Sarıyer | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 41041823 | Derived | Ayyildiz A, Inceoglu SC, Kuran B, Ones K. Artificial intelligence versus physical medicine and rehabilitation residents: Can ChatGPT compete in clinical exam performance? PM R. 2026 Jan;18(1):52-59. doi: 10.1002/pmrj.70032. Epub 2025 Oct 3. |
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