The current randomized clinical trial will be conducted to evaluate the 24-month clinical and radiographic outcomes after revascularization of asymptomatic necrotic immature permanent maxillary incisors using single- or multiple-visit protocol.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Compliant healthy patients who had at least one immature maxillary permanent incisor requiring nonsurgical root canal treatment.
• Patients presenting with a diagnosis of pulp necrosis with chronic apical periodontitis confirmed by history, clinical, radiographic and operative examination.
• Patient without previous endodontic treatment in affected tooth.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with systemic conditions (medical, developmental or behavioral) that make routine dental treatment difficult.
• Patients taking medications that can interfere with healing or hemostasis.
• Patients with allergy to local anesthetics
• Children who will not comply to recall program.
• Teeth with extensive loss of coronal tissue that require restoration with a post
• Teeth with internal or external root resorption

Ethical Considerations

biostatistician