Healing rate after single visit or multiple visit endodontic treatment using triple paste intracanal medicament will be assessed both clinically and radio-graphically for follow-up period up to one year

Patients with necrotic teeth with apical periodontitis will be selected according to the eligibility criteria and patients are then randomized to either single visit or multiple visit using triple paste intracanal medicament. Postoperative pain will then assessed using numerical rating scale after 1, 2, 3 and 7 days post-instrumentation. Radiographic healing will be assessed every 3 months up to one year.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Adult patients; age between 16-55 years old.

2. Males or Females.

3. Maxillary or mandibular single-root tooth or a multi-rooted tooth with:

   • Non-vital response of pulp tissue.
   • Radiographic evidence of periapical lesions (minimum size 2.0 mm × 2.0 mm) related to one root in case of multi-rooted teeth.
   • Asymptomatic patients.

4. Positive patients' acceptance for participation in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Primary teeth, and permanent teeth with immature apex.
2. Teeth previously accessed or endodontically treated.
3. Patients with diabetes and immune-compromising disease.
4. Patients allergic to metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, or minocycline.
5. Vital cases or necrotic without periapical lesion.
6. Pregnant women.
7. Teeth with unfavorable conditions for rubber-dam application.
8. Tooth associated with vertical root fracture, coronal perforation, calcification and external or internal root resorption.