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The aim of this clinical trial is to determine whether deep friction massage and stretching reduce muscle contraction in the calf muscle. The primary questions it seeks to answer are:
Participants:
Participants will undergo either deep friction massage or stretching exercises for 10 minutes, three days a week, over a period of six weeks.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group 1 | Experimental |
| |
| Group 2 | Experimental |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| manual static stretching exercises on plantar flexors | Other | A manual static stretching exercises was performed on the plantar flexors in both knee extension and flexion. The stretch was applied while the participant was in a prone position |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Modified Ashworth Scale | The Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS) is the most widely used clinical scale for measuring increases in muscle tone. The original Ashworth Scale was a 5-point numerical scale that graded spasticity from 0 to 4, with 0 indicating no resistance and 4 indicating a limb that is rigid in flexion or extension. | before intervention and after 6 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| The Modified Tardieu Scale | The Modified Tardieu Scale (MTS) is a clinical tool used to assess spasticity by evaluating the muscle's response to passive stretch at varying velocities. This scale was a 5-point numerical scale that graded spasticity from 0 to 5, with 0 indicating no resistance and 5 indicating a limb that is rigid in flexion or extension. | Before intervention and after 6 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mugla Sitki Kocman University | Muğla | Menteşe | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002547 | Cerebral Palsy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001925 | Brain Damage, Chronic |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| deep friction massage on plantar flexors | Other | Deep Friction Massage was applied to both the gastrocnemius muscle and the Achilles tendon. Participants were positioned in a prone posture for both applications |
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| Range of motion (ROM) | Range of motion (ROM) of ankle assessments were conducted using a standard goniometer. In these measurements, the initial position of the ankle was set to a 90° angle between the fibula and the 5th metatarsal. Participants were positioned in a supine position with a thin pillow placed under their knees. The pivot point of the goniometer was aligned with the lateral malleolus, while the fixed arm was positioned parallel to the midline of the fibula. The moving arm of the goniometer followed the midline of the 5th metatarsal. The participant was then instructed to perform active dorsiflexion and plantar flexion movements, with the results recorded. This procedure was repeated for passive dorsiflexion and plantar flexion movements | Before intervention and after 6 weeks |
| The Modified Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) | The Modified Timed Up and Go Test (TUG) is a simple and objective clinical test that assesses walking speed, postural control, functional level, balance, and locomotor performance. In this test, the participant is asked to rise from a chair without armrests, walk at their own pace to touch a target placed 3 meters away, return to the starting point, and sit down again. The time taken to complete this task is recorded in seconds. The participant's starting position is sitting in a chair with the hip and knee joints flexed at 90° | Before intervention and after 6 weeks |