Predictors of primary Ceaseran section Highlight the most important preventable risk factors that may help decrease rate of ceaseran section in Egypt

A caesarean section is a surgical procedure in which incisions are made through a woman's Anterior abdominal and uterus to deliver the baby. (1) It is performed whenever abnormal conditions are making normal delivery difficult and endangering the life of the mother or the baby. Cesarean section is the most common obstetric surgical procedure worldwide. Although low cesarean delivery rates are associated with an increase in adverse events, higher-than-institution cesarean delivery rates have been shown not to improve maternal or neonatal outcomes but to cause additional costs and unnecessary interventions (2). There is a global concern that the number of cesarean deliveries is increasing worldwide, regardless of health status, age, race, or gestational age. (3) A Cesarean section of can only effectively save the life of mother and child when it is medically justified (4). For mothers or infants who do not require a Cesarean section, there is no advantage to having it. (5) Recently, it has been reported that the rate of cesarean delivery in Egypt is increasing. (6) All women undergoing indicated or voluntary Cesarean section are at risk of various complications and negative consequences for future pregnancies.(7) Therefore, avoiding unnecessary Cesarean section must be a top priority.(8) An increase in Cesarean has been observed to be among women of all ages and race/ethnicities, in every state, and is thought to be due to; decrease in Vaginal Births after Caesarean Section (VBAC), decreased vaginal births of breech presentation, and increased prevalence of high-risk pregnancies such as advanced maternal age and some subjective indications during labour such as non-reassuring fetal status and arrest of dilation

a. Inclusion criteria:

1. All pregnant women underwent primary ceaseran section
2. All primiparous women delivered vaginally b. Exclusion criteria:

(1) any women done previous one or more ceaseran section before (2) All pregnant women delivered vaginally before more than one time (2) women had previous uterine scar as hysterectomy, myomectomy (4) any female refused to participate

The study will be conducted at Women's Health Hospital in Assiut University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

divided into 2 groups :females had primary ceaseran section for case and primary vaginal delivery for control group