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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Cairo University | OTHER |
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The goal of this clinical trial is to determine the most effective empirical therapy of antibiotics for better ventilator-associated pneumonia control. The main question it aims to answer is:
• Which is better for clinical response single or combination empiric antibiotic therapies ?
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| extended meropenem infusion in combination with other options | Active Comparator | a) Patients treatment was modified to extended meropenem infusion in combination with other options such as Polymyxin, Tigecycline, Ertapenem, or Amikacin |
|
| two β-lactam antibiotics plus a single non-β-lactam antibiotic | Active Comparator | b) Patient treatment was adjusted to include two β-lactam antibiotics plus a single non-β-lactam antibiotic, or a combination of double β-lactam antibiotics, with the aim of avoiding aggressive and toxic antibiotics |
|
| c) Patients treatment was adjusted to the second-line empirical antibiotic | Other | c) Control group in which patients treatment was adjusted to the second-line empirical anti-biotic according to the hospital's local policy. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| extended meropenem infusion in combination with other options such as Polymyxin, Tigecycline, Ertapenem, or Amikacin. | Combination Product | In the case of XDR or PDR Pseudomonas spp. or Acinetobacter spp. isolation from the patient's specimen, treatment was adjusted to extended meropenem infusion in combination with other options such as Polymyxin, Tigecycline, Ertapenem, or Amikacin in group (A) of patients. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Antimicrobial susceptibility | Antimicrobial susceptibility was assessed through Kirby-Bauer's disc diffusion method (DD), Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) using the automated VITEK 2 compact system (bioMérieux, France), and the Ameri-Ziaei Double Antibiotic Synergism Test (AZDAST). Interpretation of DD and MIC results followed CLSI guidelines. | 7 days |
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Inclusion criteria:
-Patients ranging from one month to twelve years old, who had been undergoing mechanical ventilation for over 48 hours and were diagnosed with Ventillator Associated Pneumonia.
2.1.3. Exclusion criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at Cairo University's Faculty of Medicine | Cairo | Egypt |
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|
| two β-lactam antibiotics plus a single non-β-lactam antibiotic | Combination Product | In the case of XDR or PDR Pseudomonas spp. or Acinetobacter spp. isolation from the patient's specimen, treatment was adjusted to include two β-lactam antibiotics plus a single non-β-lactam antibiotic, or a combination of double β-lactam antibiotics, with the aim of avoiding aggressive and toxic antibiotics in group (B) of patients |
|
| Control group received standard therapy | Other | Treatment was adjusted to the second-line empirical antibiotic according to the hospital's local policy. |
|
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D053717 | Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077299 | Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia |
| D003428 | Cross Infection |
| D007239 | Infections |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D007049 | Iatrogenic Disease |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011113 | Polymyxins |
| D000078304 | Tigecycline |
| D000077727 | Ertapenem |
| D000583 | Amikacin |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010456 | Peptides, Cyclic |
| D047028 | Macrocyclic Compounds |
| D011083 | Polycyclic Compounds |
| D055666 | Lipopeptides |
| D008055 | Lipids |
| D023181 | Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides |
| D010455 | Peptides |
| D000602 | Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins |
| D000089882 | Antimicrobial Peptides |
| D052899 | Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins |
| D008565 | Membrane Proteins |
| D011506 | Proteins |
| D013754 | Tetracyclines |
| D009279 | Naphthacenes |
| D011084 | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons |
| D006841 | Hydrocarbons, Aromatic |
| D006844 | Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
| D006838 | Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D015780 | Carbapenems |
| D047090 | beta-Lactams |
| D007769 | Lactams |
| D000577 | Amides |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D007612 | Kanamycin |
| D000617 | Aminoglycosides |
| D006027 | Glycosides |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
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