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This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of twelve weeks whole-body electrical muscle stimulation combined with aerobic exercises.
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of twelve weeks of WB-EMS (whole-body electrical muscle stimulation at 35Hz and 350 μs) combined with aerobic exercises on a treadmill and rowing machine, in improving physical and cognitive performance in older adults, both healthy and at risk of dementia. The results were compared with those obtained from the same training without WB-EMS.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental Training Group | Experimental | The ETG group underwent in two 20-minute training sessions per week, with 72 hours of rest between sessions. Each session included aerobic activities such as rowing and treadmill exercises, combined with supervised WB-EMS stimulation. This stimulation utilised a rectangular waveform at 35 Hz, 350 μs, with continuous pulse duration. The intensity of this training modality was set based on heart rate reserve (HRR), starting at 60% HRR in the first week and increasing by 5% every 3 weeks, reaching 80% HRR by the twelfth week. |
|
| Control group | Active Comparator | The CON group underwent three weekly training sessions for twelve weeks, con-sisting of 20 minutes of aerobic activity, performed on a treadmill and rowing machine, without the WB-EMS superimposition. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Whole Body Electromyostimulation | Other | The ETG group underwent in two 20-minute training sessions per week (12 weeks), with 72 hours of rest between sessions. Each session included aerobic activities such as rowing and treadmill exercises, combined with supervised WB-EMS stimulation. This stimu-lation utilised a rectangular waveform at 35 Hz, 350 μs, with continuous pulse dura-tion |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| 30-second arm curl test | At the end of 12 weeks | |
| 30-second sit-to-stand test | At the end of 12 weeks | |
| hand grip strength test | At the end of 12 weeks | |
| 6-minute walking test | At the end of 12 weeks | |
| 8-foot up and go test | At the end of 12 weeks | |
| Chair Sit and Reach Test | At the end of 12 weeks | |
| Soda Pop Test | At the end of 12 weeks | |
| Tinetti Balance and Gait Test | At the end of 12 weeks | |
| Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) | At the end of 12 weeks | |
| Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) | At the end of 12 weeks | |
| Stroop Colour and Word Interference Test (SCWT) | At the end of 12 weeks | |
| Trail Making Test (TMT) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Università degli Studi del Molise | Campobasso | CB | 86100 | Italy |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D060825 | Cognitive Dysfunction |
| D019636 | Neurodegenerative Diseases |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003072 | Cognition Disorders |
| D019965 | Neurocognitive Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D035061 | Control Groups |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015340 | Epidemiologic Research Design |
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D012107 | Research Design |
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|
| control group | Behavioral | The CON group underwent three weekly training sessions for twelve weeks, con-sisting of 20 minutes of aerobic activity, performed on a treadmill and rowing machine, without the WB-EMS superimposition. |
|
| At the end of 12 weeks |
| Attentional Matrices Test | At the end of 12 weeks |
| Prose recall test ( babcock) | At the end of 12 weeks |
| Frontal Assessment battery (FAB) | At the end of 12 weeks |
| D008722 | Methods |