This randomized controlled trial (RCT) will compare the efficacy and feasibility and acceptability of a culturally adapted CBT manual with a standard CBT manual, focusing on addressing cultural factors in therapy delivery.

Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT): Participants will be randomly assigned to either the culturally adapted CBT manual group or the standard CBT manual group. A culturally adapted manual will integrate cultural values, norms, and idioms of suffering into CBT techniques, ensuring relevance and acceptance within the target cultural group. The standard CBT manual will follow conventional CBT techniques without specific cultural adaptations.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Individuals aged 18 to 65 years
2. 5 years of education
3. Symptoms of depression and anxiety

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Substance use disorder according to DSM-5 criteria as determined by primary care clinician
2. Significant cognitive impairment (for example, profound learning disability or dementia) as determined by primary care clinician
3. Active psychosis as determined by their primary care clinician