Effect of high magnification on quality of life and success after endodontic surgery: a randomized controlled trial"

: Residual infection in untreated canal space is one of the most common cause of post treatment apical periodontitis. The prevalence of post treatment apical periodontitis has been reported to be 60% to 80%. Endodontic microsurgery and root resection removes the inaccessible apical ramifications and ensures adequate sealing of apical communication. Magnification has been recommended for better visualization of apical terminus. Various case reports and retrospective studies have reported higher success of apical surgery when magnification devices have been used as an adjunct to periapical surgery (setzer 2010, tsesis 2006, bud 2020). However, there are very few prospective studies and there is heterogeneity in data in terms of type of magnification used and there are very few studies comparing different magnification devices.

To the best of our knowledge no randomized controlled trial has been done on the periapical surgery of maxillary anterior teeth which compares the effect of magnification by microscope versus loupes, hence the aim of this study is to assess the quality of life and success after endodontic surgery using with or without magnification.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients between age of 18-55 with the diagnosis of persistent symptomatic apical periodontitis in previously treated teeth with radiographic evidence of periapical radiolucency (≥ 5 mm). (Bharathi et al 2021) Tooth with a peri radicular lesion of strictly endodontic origin and unrestorable by nonsurgical retreatment. ASA-1 patients according to the classification of the American Society of Anesthesiologists).

Exclusion Criteria:

Patients with systemic diseases (diabetes mellitus, uncontrolled hypertension grade III, hepatic/renal disease, or systemic bleeding disorders) Combined endodontic-periodontic lesions Pregnancy

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Sham piezoelectric setup for patients undergoing conventional surgery.