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To determine the pain and anxiety levels of patients using virtual reality glasses during the extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy procedure.
This randomized clinical trial included 60 patients with lithotripsy procedure. The research group of 60 people was divided into two groups, 30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. While the standard stone crushing process was applied to the control group, the experimental group was watched with virtual reality glasses during the procedure. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Numerical Rating Scale, which was used to measure the level of pain and anxiety level.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| VR group | Experimental | Use of VR glasses during the procedure |
|
| Control Group | Active Comparator | Standart care group |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VR Group | Other | the experimental group was shown a video through VRG during the lithotripsy procedure. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Numeric Pain Scale | Pain level during the procedure | During ESWL procedure |
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Inclusion criteria
- Performing ESWL procedure
Exclusion criteria
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Istanbul Beykent University | Istanbul | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| Result | Guitynavard F, Azadvari M, Gholamnejad M, et al. Decreasing discomfort during shock-wave lithotripsy using transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Translational Research in Urology. 2022; 4(2): 71-76 | ||
| 39259054 | Result | Lei M, Li G, Tang Y, Yuan J, Yang T, Gao Z. Efficacy of music therapy for pain control of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 May 31;103(22):e38182. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038182. | |
| 24602425 |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| The effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pain relief during extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy procedure. | View source |
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This was a masters thesis research, and the computer used to collect data at that time was damaged.
Communication could not be established with the statistician who conducted the data analysis.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000377 | Agnosia |
| D010146 | Pain |
| D001008 | Anxiety Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010468 | Perceptual Disorders |
| D019954 | Neurobehavioral Manifestations |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D035061 | Control Groups |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015340 | Epidemiologic Research Design |
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D012107 | Research Design |
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| Control group | Other | Patients received standard care during the procedure |
|
| Result |
| Ozsaker E, Diramali A. The effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pain relief during extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy procedure. Pain Manag Nurs. 2014 Mar;15(1):59-68. doi: 10.1016/j.pmn.2012.06.003. Epub 2012 Aug 18. |
| Impact of music on anxiety and pain control during extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. | View source |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
| D008722 | Methods |