The study aims to evaluate the level of local implementation of the new interventions introduced by the guidelines for post-cardiac arrest management and their impact on the survival of patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest and admitted to intensive care over a 14-year period. During this time period, the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) and the European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM) introduced three new guidelines for post-cardiac arrest management, each five years apart: the 2010, 2015, and 2021 guidelines.

This study is a retrospective multicenter cohort observational study (two centers involved: Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori).

All patients admitted to the Intensive Care Units (ICU) of the hospitals involved in the study from January 1, 2011, to May 30, 2024, following cardiac arrest of any etiology, who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria, will be enrolled.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest and admitted to intensive care unit
• Age ≥ 18 years
• Out-of-hospital and in-hospital cardiac arrest
• Cardiac arrest of any etiology

Exclusion Criteria:

• Pediatric patients (<18 years)
• Patients not admitted to one of the aforementioned intensive care units.

All adult patients resuscitated from cardiac arrest and admitted to ICU over a 14-year-period