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This study aims to explore the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of AI-powered chatbot support in community smokers.
Smoking cessation remains one of the most significant public health challenges worldwide, with tobacco use being a leading cause of preventable death and disease. Despite extensive efforts, the success rates of smoking cessation programs remain low, necessitating innovative approaches to support individuals in their journey to quit smoking. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has opened new possibilities in healthcare, including the development of AI-powered chatbots that assist individuals in behavior change, such as quitting smoking.
This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effectiveness of AI-powered chatbot that simulates human counselors, compared to traditional human counseling in promoting smoking cessation among community smokers. The AI-powered chatbot, equipped with personalized interactions and real-time support, offers scalable and cost-effective assistance, potentially making it an accessible alternative to human counseling. However, human counselors provide empathy, tailored advice, and a nuanced understanding of human behavior that AI may not fully replicate. This study will explore which approach is more effective in helping individuals achieve long-term smoking cessation.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| AI support group | Experimental | AI-powered chatbot support+ 5A's/5R's advice + health warning leaflet+ Self-help booklet |
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| Counselor support group | Experimental | Counselor individual support+ 5A's/5R's advice + health warning leaflet+ Self-help booklet |
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| Control group | Active Comparator | 5A's/5R's advice + health warning leaflet+ Self-help booklet |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5A's/5R's advice | Behavioral | 5A's (Ask, Advise, Assess, Assist, Arrange) for smokers who are ready to quit, and 5R's (relevance, risks, rewards, roadblocks, and repetition) for smokers who are not ready to quit. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Biochemical validated quit rate at 6 months follow-up | The primary outcomes are biochemically validated quit rate (exhaled carbon monoxide < 4 ppm or salivary cotinine < 30 ng/ml) | 6 months follow-up |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Biochemical validated quit rate at 3 months follow-up | biochemically validated quit rate (exhaled carbon monoxide < 4 ppm or salivary cotinine < 30 ng/ml) | 3 months follow-up |
| Self-reported 7-day point prevalence quit rate |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Xue Weng | Contact | 3621259 | xueweng@bnu.edu.cn |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beijing Normal University | Zhuhai | Guangdong | 519087 | China |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016540 | Smoking Cessation |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015438 | Health Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| Brief leaflet on health warning and smoking cessation | Other | The contents of the leaflet include the absolute risk of smoking, diseases caused by active and second-hand smoking, horrible pictorial warnings of the health consequences of active and second-hand smoking, and the benefits of quitting. |
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| Self-help smoking cessation booklet | Other | The contents include information about the benefits of quitting, methods to quit, how to handle withdrawal symptoms, misperceptions of quitting, etc. |
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| AI-powered chatbot support | Behavioral | Participants will receive three months of AI-powered chatbot, equipped with personalized interactions and real-time support, via WeChat. |
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| Counselor individual support | Behavioral | Participants will receive three months of counselor-led individual support via WeChat. The regular messages and instant messaging on psychosocial support aim to provide cessation advice, increase self-efficacy and confidence, and social support and behavioral capacity of quitting. |
|
Self-reported 7-day point prevalence quit rate in the two groups
| 3 and 6 months follow-up |
| Smoking reduction rate | Rate of smoking reduction by at least half of baseline amount in the two groups | 3 and 6 months follow-up |
| Eligibility rate | the percentage of eligible smokers out of the total number of smokers screened | baseline |
| Consent rate | the percentage of eligible smokers who agree to participate out of the total number of eligible smokers | baseline |
| Percentage of Participant Engagement with E-Messages and Counselor Chats | This outcome measures the percentage of participants who engage with the intervention by reading e-messages and responding to counselor chat messages at least once during the 3-month follow-up period. | 3 months follow-up |