BFR Training on Muscle Morphology

Effectiveness of Blood Flow Restriction Training on Muscle Morphology and Prevention of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury

This randomized clinical trial study compares high-load eccentric training (HL-Et), sham LL-BFRt, and low-load blood flow restriction (LL-BFRt) in sportsmen. The primary inquiries it seeks to address are:

Is LL-BFR superior to HL-Et and sham LL-BFRt in terms of improving muscle morphology? Is LL-BFR a more effective Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and ACL injury preventive than HL-Et and sham LL-BFRt?

The three intervention groups that will be randomly assigned to participants are LL-BFRt, sham LL-BFRt, and HL-Et. Participants are expected to carry out:

Participants in LL-BFRt will be required to perform LL eccentric training at 30% of their repetition maximum (RM) and 70% of their artery occlusion pressure (AOP). This training will include stairs, single leg squat, and single leg deadlift.

Participants in HL-Et will be required to perform LL eccentric training at 70% of their maximum number of repetitions (RM).

In order to determine whether muscular morphology and the prevention of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome and ACL injury improve following the interventions and follow-up, researchers will compare LL-BFRt, sham LL-BFRt, and HL-Et.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being between the ages of 15 and 35
• Play level 1 sports (fight martial arts, basketball, futsal, and soccer) at least twice a week
• Never experienced an Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome or ACL injury before
• Never experienced a grade III sprain or strain
• Consent to participate in the study until its conclusion and provide informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Having a tumor, cancer, vena thromboembolic disease, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, anemia, and renal failure
• Disabilities or those who are disabled.