The continuous aerobic intervention was performed on a bicycle in a seated position at a moderate exercise intensity. Heart rate and RPE was implemented to ensure moderate intensity level. The participants were allowed to warm up for 5 minutes before starting to cycle at the predetermined HR ranges for 25 minutes. The total duration of exercise was 30 minutes.

The acute resistance intervention consisted of four exercises performed using Technogym equipment at a moderate intensity. Every exercise consisted of 3 sets of 20 repetitions, with 1 minute rest in between sets, equaling 30 minutes of exercise in total. The four exercises were performed using the following Technogym devices: vertical traction, chest press, low row, leg press. Prior to the start of each exercise, a short maximal resistance test provided by the Technogym equipment was executed to determine moderate intensity.

The intervention consists of two different types of moderate intensity exercise: Continuous aerobic and resistance exercise.

Measurements of the pulsatility index of the left and right uterine artery, umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery were taken using Doppler ultrasound. The pulsatility indexes were determined by taking the average of three waveforms from the Doppler velocity measurements.

Physical fitness levels were assessed using the Dutch version of the IPAQ-SF questionnaire. Categorical scores are defined as low, moderate and high physical activity levels. The category labeled 'high' is classified when vigorous-intensity activity on at least 3 days achieves a minimum of at least 1500 MET-minutes/week or 7 or more days of any combination of walking, moderate-intensity or vigorous-intensity activities achieve a minimum of at least 3000 MET-minutes/week on total physical activity. 'Moderate' is classified if vigorous-intensity activity is performed for at least 20 minutes per day on 3 or more days; or moderate-intensity activity and/or walking is performed at least 30 minutes per day for 5 or more days; or 5 or more days of any combination of walking, moderate intensity or vigorous-intensity activities achieve a total physical activity of at least 600 MET minutes/week. All who do not meet the criteria for 'moderate' or 'high' are assigned to the category 'low'.