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A phonophoresis-based drug delivery system is a synchronous approach to improve local drug penetration in neuromuscular diseases associated with neuronal damage, excruciating pain, and local inflammation. Chitosan, a semi-synthetic material, is obtained by partial deacetylation of chitin amines, resulting in copolymers of N-acetylglucosamine and N-glucosamine. Its use has been explored in various biomaterial and medical applications. Chitosan has emerged as a cost-effective, biocompatible, and biodegradable material with many desirable biological properties, improvement of homeostasis and antiviral potential. Chitosan was found to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased peripheral nerve edema, the polycationic nature of chitosan allows it to absorb protons, which reduces inflammation and provides an analgesic effect.
The patients will randomly be divided into two equal groups; the control group which will receive the selected exercise program and the study group will receive the same exercise training program in addition to Chitosan Phonophresis, three times per week for four weeks.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| study group | Experimental | Chitosan Phonophresis intervention |
|
| control group | Experimental | the selected exercise program |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chitosan Phonophresis | Drug | Chitosan Phonophresis, three times per week for four weeks. |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV) | SAS-SV was psychometrically robust in measuring the severity of smartphone addiction | four weeks |
| The visual analogue scale | was utilized to evaluate pre- and post-treatment neck pain | four weeks |
| Neck disability index | assess how neck pain and other symptoms manifested during various functional activities. Ndi had been reported as a reliable (Cronbach's alpha: 0.89) and valid instrument to evaluate self-rated disability in patients with neck pain | four weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Cervical ROM | Cervical active ROM will be measured for each participant in the study by digital goniometer device. | four weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lama Saad El-Din ED Mahmoud | Contact | 01157592636 | lamaelsedawyy@hotmail.com |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lama S Mahmoud | Recruiting | Al Jīzah | Select State | Egypt |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019547 | Neck Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
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| selected physical therapy exercise |
| Other |
selected neck exercise and electrotherapy on cervical region |
|