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It is planned to examine the effect of cervical stabilization exercises on Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) symptoms in individuals with TMJ disorder.
Individuals included in the study will be divided into 2 groups, Stabilization and Control groups, by block randomization method. A standard treatment program (Education + home exercises) will be applied to both groups. In addition to the stabilization group, cervical stabilization exercises will be applied. Individuals will be evaluated with the Sociodemographic Data Form before the application.
Before and after the application, individuals were assessed for TMJ pain with the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), TMJ symptom severity with the Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI) and cervical posture, mobility and muscle performance will be evaluated with craniovertebral angle, goniometer and craniocervical flexion test.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | Active Comparator | The control group will receive a standard treatment (education + home exercises) program. |
|
| Stabilization group | Experimental | The stabilization group will receive cervical stabilization exercises in addition to standard treatment. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cervical stabilization exercises | Other | Cervical Stabilization Exercises will be performed 3 days a week for 8 weeks. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) | TMJ pain will be evaluated at rest with the NPRS scale. It is a scale scored between 0-10 points and '0 points means 'I have no pain' and '10 points means 'I have unbearable pain'. NRS score between 1-3 points indicates mild pain, between 4-6 points indicates moderate pain and between 7-10 points indicates severe pain. | Change from baseline at 8 weeks |
| Fonseca Anamnestic Index (FAI) | It assesses TMJ disorder and its severity. The index includes three options: "yes" (10 points), "sometimes" (5 points) and "no" (0 points). A total score of 0-15 is considered as no TMJ disorder, 20-40 as mild, 45-65 as moderate, and 70-100 as severe. | Change from baseline at 8 weeks |
| Cervical Posture | Cervical posture will be evaluated from the craniovertebral angle. | Change from baseline at 8 weeks |
| Cervical Mobility | For cervical mobility, normal joint movements of the neck will be evaluated with a goniometer. | Change from baseline at 8 weeks |
| Cervical Muscle Performance | Cervical muscle performance will be evaluated with the craniocervical flexion test. | Change from baseline at 8 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi | Merkez | Bitlis | 13000 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 40813998 | Derived | Arslan M, Dursun O, Celenay ST. Effectiveness of cervical stabilization training in individuals with temporomandibular joint disorders: a randomized controlled trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2025 Aug 14;26(1):788. doi: 10.1186/s12891-025-09055-3. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013705 | Temporomandibular Joint Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017271 | Craniomandibular Disorders |
| D008336 | Mandibular Diseases |
| D007571 | Jaw Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D004522 | Educational Status |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012959 | Socioeconomic Factors |
| D011154 | Population Characteristics |
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This study was planned as a randomized controlled trial. The individuals included in the study will be divided into 2 groups as Stabilization and Control group by block randomization method.
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| Standard treatment (Education + home exercises) | Other | Individuals will be informed about TMJ disorders, parafunctional activities (chewing gum, nail/pen biting, etc.) and recommendations. In addition, Rocabado exercises will be given as a home program. |
|
| D007592 |
| Joint Diseases |
| D009135 | Muscular Diseases |
| D009057 | Stomatognathic Diseases |