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Using specific EEG biomarkers in methamphetamine-dependent individuals, this study systematically probes the effect of closed-loop tACS based on brain states
Methamphetamine use disorder (MUD) addiction represents a severe public health concern. Individuals addicted to methamphetamine exhibit intense cravings and physiological reactions when exposed to addiction-related cues, a phenomenon termed "cue reactivity." Cue reactivity is a critical factor in the development and persistence of addiction. Impairments in inhibitory control are considered a significant factor contributing to the emergence of cue reactivity. Conventional pharmacological and physical interventions suffer from low efficiency and high effect variance. Closed-loop physical interventions, which adjust stimulation parameters in real-time based on brain state, are an innovative approach with the potential to enhance the precision and efficiency of treatments. Closed-loop interventions based on transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) hold promise as a novel therapeutic method for treating methamphetamine addiction. This study aims to develop and evaluate the effect of closed-loop tACS on cue reactivity and inhibition control function in MUD. Therefore, the investigators intend to employ the non-invasive tACS technique, predicated upon biomarkers of addiction states, to administer specific frequency stimulations to targeted brain regions, aiming to achieve therapeutic objectives in addiction treatment.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Closed-loop tACS stimulation based on addiction-induced states | Experimental | In the initial phase of this study, participants will be subjected to individual closed-loop tACS interventions for ten-days intervals. Concurrently, they will be exposed to MA-related cue paradigms to induce brain addiction states, while scalp EEG signals are collected. Stimulation will be initiated only upon identifying specific neural signals associated with MA cues. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Closed-loop tACS stimulation based on addiction-induced states | Device | We conducted a longitudinal controlled study of closed-loop tACS interventions among MA dependents.This involved implementing interventions based on addiction-induced states. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Visual Analog Scale for craving (VAS-Craving) | The intensity of psychological craving in MA dependents was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale for craving (VAS-Craving), where individuals rated their cravings on a scale from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater levels of craving. The VAS scores were utilized based on two conditions: during a resting state and when subjected to cue induction involving images associated with methamphetamine, serving as the criteria for evaluation. | through study completion, an average of 5 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Stop-signal task | The stop-signal task can indicate executive control capabilities by measuring Stop-signal reaction time (SSRT), Stop-signal delays (SSD), Go-task reaction time (RT), and Success and failure inhibition rates. A lower SSRT value indicates better inhibitory control. | through study completion, an average of 5 days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Individuals aged between 18 and 55 years, irrespective of gender, having completed a minimum of 9 years of education or are capable of effectively cooperating in questionnaire evaluations.
Meet the diagnostic criteria set forth by the DSM-5 concerning the severity of amphetamine-type substance addiction.
A history of utilizing amphetamine-type substances for a duration not less than one year, with a frequency of use of at least once per week.
Consent to actively cooperate in the completion of subsequent follow-up assessments.
Exclusion Criteria:
Severe cognitive functional impairments manifested through a history of head trauma, cerebrovascular diseases, epilepsy, etc., or usage of cognitive enhancement drugs in the past 6 months; an intellectual disability with an IQ score less than 70.
A diagnosis of schizophrenia or other severe mental illnesses as per the DSM-5 criteria.
Abuse or dependence on other psychoactive substances (excluding nicotine) within the past 5 years.
Severe organic diseases that might compromise study participation. Contraindications to tACS, include a history of epileptic seizures or the presence of metallic implants in proximity to the head.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| MIn Zhao | Shanghai Mental Health Center | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shanghai Mental Health Center | Shanghai | Shanghai, Shanghai, China, 200000 | China |
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| Obsessive Compulsive Drug Use Scale (OCDUS) |
The Obsessive Compulsive Drug Use Scale (OCDUS) measures the overall craving level within a period from a multidimensional perspective. The scale consists of 13 items and uses a five-point scoring system, with each item scored on a scale of 1 to 5. The higher the total score, the greater the level of craving. |
| through study completion, an average of 5 days |