This project aims to develop an advanced ex vivo medical microscopic imaging technology. By developing breast tissue staining techniques, acquiring microscopic images, and performing structural reconstruction, we seek to observe the 3D structure of breast tissue. This includes examining cell distribution, mammary ducts, and blood vessel distribution, to explore the different biological characteristics between normal breast tissue and various types of cancerous tissues.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adults aged 18 and above.
• Patients clinically diagnosed with breast cancer.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients unable to provide consent (e.g., inability to speak, inability to communicate in Chinese, etc.).
• Patients for whom a definitive pathological diagnosis cannot be established.
• Patients suitable only for biopsy and not for surgical excision.
• Excised tissue showing severe radiation-induced changes under pathological examination.
• Tumor specimens smaller than 1 cm.
• Patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).

This research project aims to recruit 100 subjects and acquire three-dimensional images of the breast tissues. After reconstructing these images, the study will explore the diverse three-dimensional structures of tumor tissues and compare them with the structures of normal breast tissues.

This study will not share individual participant data.