Neurovascular signaling in the skin associated with stimulation of the transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. These channels are stimulated by both temperature and naturally occurring bioactive agents found in mint, chili peppers, garlic, etc. The aim of the study is to examine how topically applied TRP channel agonists including menthol, capsaicin and camphor impact neurovascular responses in the skin.

Inclusion Criteria:

• 18-85 years old.
• Women will not be pregnant and/or breastfeeding.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Currently pregnant or breastfeeding
• Nicotine use (e.g., smoking, chewing tobacco etc.), quantified as more than 100 cigarettes or cigars in a lifetime)
• Known skin allergies or current rash, skin disease, disorders of pigmentation
• Diabetes
• Body mass index >35kg*m-2
• Using calcium channel blockers
• Raynaud's syndrome
• Allergy or hypersensitivity to menthol, camphor, capsaicin or adhesive
• Regular use (defined as greater than once a week) of topical analgesics that contain menthol, camphor or capsaicin