During routine medical care and nursing, the responsible nurse provides daily oral care and delivers health education to patients and their caregivers regarding diet and swallowing safety. Within 8 hours after the removal of the endotracheal tube, the Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA) is used to screen for swallowing function. Patients are guided in food selection based on the severity of their swallowing difficulties and personal preferences, and are supplemented with enteral or parenteral nutrition or prescribed specific diets as directed by their doctor.

On the basis of the control group, a comprehensive intervention plan determined through Delphi expert consultation is implemented for PED patients. This plan includes multidisciplinary collaboration, screening and assessment, oral sensory training, oral motor training, respiratory training, and feeding management. The duration and frequency of the exercises are tailored to the patient's actual condition.

On the basis of the control group, a comprehensive intervention is implemented in combination with vagus nerve electrical stimulation.

Comprehensive intervention includes multidisciplinary collaboration, screening and assessment, oral sensory training, oral motor training, respiratory training, and feeding management. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve at the lateral neck was performed by rehabilitation therapists. The cervical vagus nerve accompanies the carotid artery and is located at the groove between the trachea and the sternocleidomastoid muscle, which can be located by touching the carotid pulse. The two electrodes were pasted along the path of the cervical vagus nerve.

FOIS consists of seven levels: ① Score 1, unable to eat orally at all; ② Score 2, dependent on tube feeding, minimum attempt to eat food or liquid; ③ Score 3, dependent on tube feeding, taking single texture food or liquid orally; ④ Score 4, completely oral intake of single texture food; ⑤ score 5: fully oral intake of a variety of food textures, but with special preparation or compensation; ⑥6 points, completely oral feeding without special preparation, but with special food restriction; ⑦7 points, complete oral feeding without restriction, the higher the score, the better the swallowing function of the patient. In this study, a FOIS score of 6-7 was defined as full oral feeding

The first part is the clinical examination.The second part involves observing the patient's ability to swallow 5 mL of water, repeated three times. If there are no abnormalities detected in the above examinations, the amount of water for swallowing is then increased to 60 mL. To obtain the total score, the scores from all three parts are summed up.

After the intervention, the patient's score on the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) was between 6 and 7, indicating that the patient has recovered the ability to eat orally.