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The aim of this study is to compare the analgesic effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant in external oblique intercostal plane block (EOIPB) in splenectomy.
External oblique intercostal plane block (EOIPB) was reported by Elsharkawy et al . It is a novel block, which has been described as an important modification of the fascial plane blocks that can consistently involve the upper lateral abdominal walls. In comparison to quadratus lumborum block (QLB) and erector spinae plane block (ESPB) , EOIPB has the benefit of being performed when the patient is supine. It also has an advantage over serratus intercostal plane block (SIPB) in that it produces greater analgesia throughout the midline of the abdomen.
Dexmedetomidine is used for sedation in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). Dexmedetomidine is a selective alpha 2- adrenoceptor agonist possessing sedative, anxiolytic, and analgesic properties without the development of respiratory depression . Several studies have shown that dexmedetomidine has an anesthetic sparing effect, which has led to its use as a general adjuvant for prolonging peripheral nerve block duration.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group dexmedetomidine 0.5 | Experimental | Patients will receive 29 ml bupivacaine 0.25% + 1 ml dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg diluted in saline. |
|
| Group dexmedetomidine1 | Experimental | Patients will receive 29 ml bupivacaine 0.25% + 1 ml dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg diluted in saline. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg | Drug | Patients will receive 29 ml bupivacaine 0.25% + 1 ml dexmedetomidine 0.5 μg/kg diluted in saline. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Time to the 1st rescue analgesia | Rescue analgesia of morphine will be given as 3 mg bolus if the numeric rating scale (NRS) > 3 to be repeated after 30 min if pain persists until the NRS < 4. NRS will be assessed at 0, 4, 8, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 h postoperatively. Each patient will be instructed about postoperative pain assessment with the numeric rating scale (NRS) score. NRS (0 represents "no pain" while 10 represents "the worst pain imaginable"). | 48 hour Postoperatively |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Intraoperative fentanyl consumption | Additional fentanyl bolus dosages of 1 µg/kg IV will be administered if heart rate or mean arterial blood pressure elevated more than 20% of the baseline (after exclusion of other causes than pain). | Intraoperatively |
| Total morphine consumption |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tanta University | Tanta | El-Gharbia | 31527 | Egypt |
The data will be available upon a reasonable request from the corresponding author after the end of study for one year.
After the end of study for one year.
The data will be available upon a reasonable request from the corresponding author
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020927 | Dexmedetomidine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007093 | Imidazoles |
| D001393 | Azoles |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
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| Dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg | Drug | Patients will receive 29 ml bupivacaine 0.25% + 1 ml dexmedetomidine 1 μg/kg diluted in saline. |
|
Rescue analgesia of morphine will be given as 3 mg bolus if the numeric rating scale (NRS) > 3 to be repeated after 30 min if pain persists until the NRS < 4. NRS will be assessed at 0, 4, 8, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 h postoperatively. Each patient will be instructed about postoperative pain assessment with the numeric rating scale (NRS) score. NRS (0 represents "no pain" while 10 represents "the worst pain imaginable"). |
| 48 hour postoperatively |
| Degree of pain | Each patient will be instructed about postoperative pain assessment with the numeric rating scale (NRS) score. NRS (0 represents "no pain" while 10 represents "the worst pain imaginable"). Numerical rating Scale (NRS) will be assessed at 0, 4, 8, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48 h postoperatively. | 48 hours postoperatively |
| Heart rate | Heart rate will be recorded preoperative, before performing of block, and every 15 min till the end of surgery. | Till the end of surgery |
| Mean arterial pressure | Mean arterial pressure will be recorded preoperative, before performing of block, and every 15 min till the end of surgery. | Till the end of surgery |
| The incidence of adverse events | Adverse events such as local anesthetic systemic toxicity (LAST), bradycardia, hypotension, nausea, vomiting, respiratory depression, or any other complication will be measured. | 48 hour postoperatively |