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In This experiment, the investigators would like to design a new itch model based on the spatial summation of pruritic stimuli. The hypothesis behind this study (spatial summation) is that two simultaneous applications of pruritogens will result in higher itch sensation compared with a single application of pruritogen.
Chronic itch affects approximately a fifth of the global population and is associated with substantial negative consequences for the affected individuals. Furthermore, there is a lack of efficient treatment options for chronic itch. In order to mimic a clinical itch condition as presented in patients, the aim of the project is to investigate a new itch model based on the spatial summation of pruritic stimuli. The aim of this experiment is to assess the itch sensation induced by simultaneous application of pruritogens (spatial summation). In particular, the purpose is to evaluate if a single application of cowhage/histamine (non-histaminergic and histaminergic itch respectively) results in a lower itch sensation compared to two simultaneous applications of the pruritogens, on the same arm or in different arms.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st pruritogen | Experimental | The subproject consists of 2 sessions 3 days apart. Each session consists of 3 parts. In the first session, 3 test areas (4x4 cm) will be selected on the subject's forearms. In part 1, we will apply cowhage in one area. In part 2, we will apply cowhage in two areas on the same arm. In part 3, we will again apply cowhage in 2 areas, one on each arm. In each part, the itch intensity will be measured using a VAS (visual analog scale) for 10 min from the cowhage application. After removal of the cowhage, alloknesis and mechanically evoked itch will be measured in the area selected in part 1. |
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| 2nd pruritogen | Other | The second session will take place 3 days after the first one and will follow the same procedure as session 1. However, histamine will be applied instead of cowhage. The order of the two sessions will be randomized. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cowhage | Other | 25 spicules will be inserted in the center of the predefined skin area on the mandibular area. The spicules will be gently rubbed for 15-20 seconds in circular motion to facilitate epidermal penetration. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Assessment of itch | Immediately following the itch provocations, participants will be instructed to rate the itch intensity for 10 minutes using a digital visual analogue scale (VAS; eVAS Software: Aalborg, University, Denmark), on a tablet. The scale will be measured from 0 to 100, where 0 represents 'no itch' and 100 'worst itch imaginable'. | 1 minute after every itch inductions |
| Assessment of pain | Immediately following the itch provocations, participants will be instructed to rate the pain intensity for 10 minutes using a digital visual analogue scale (VAS; eVAS Software: Aalborg, University, Denmark), on a tablet. The scale will be measured from 0 to 100, where 0 represents 'no pain' and 100 'worst pain imaginable'. | 1 minute after every itch inductions |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Alloknesis | Alloknesis sensation is measured using a standardized sensory brush (SENSELab Brush-05, Somedic AB, Hörby, Sweden) exerting a force of 200 to 400 mN. | 12 minutes after every itch inductions |
| Mechanically evoked itch |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Silvia Lo Vecchio, PhD | Contact | +4521397785 | slv@hst.aau.dk | |
| Giulia Erica Aliotta, PhD | Contact | 50290580 | gea@hst.aau.dk |
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aalborg University | Recruiting | Aalborg | 9620 | Denmark |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006632 | Histamine |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015306 | Biogenic Monoamines |
| D001679 | Biogenic Amines |
| D000588 | Amines |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
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The participants will randomly receive applications of cowhage and histamine.
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Participant will be blinded about application of pruritogens.
| Histamine | Other | Histaminergic itch will be evoked by a 1% histamine solution. A droplet of histamine solution will be placed on the predetermined area on the forearm, and the SPT lancet will be pierced through the histamine with 120 g of pressure for 1-2 seconds. |
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Mechanically evoked itch is measured using three von Frey filaments of 4.08, 4.16 and 4.31 (1.0, 1.4, 2.0 g, respectively) (North Coast Medical, Gilroy, CA). The center of the skin area is stimulated by 3 pricks, repeated 3 times in short succession. After a total of 9 stimulations, the participants will report the itch elicited on a numerical rating scale (NRS) from 0 to 10 (0 = "no itch"; 10 = "worst imaginable itch").
| 15 minutes after every itch inductions |
| D005021 |
| Ethylamines |
| D007093 | Imidazoles |
| D001393 | Azoles |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D012898 | Autacoids |
| D018836 | Inflammation Mediators |
| D001685 | Biological Factors |