Each patient in this study did 20 minutes of peddler aerobic training, with the first 5 minutes serving as a warm-up with intensity set at 60 - 65 percent of maximal heart rate, followed by another 10 minutes of peddler training with intensity gradually increased up to 70 - 75 percent, and the last 5 minutes serving as a cooling down with intensity set at 60 - 65 percent of maximal heart rate. After the warm-up and at the end of each training phase, the participants' heart rates were monitored. Finally, if the individual experienced pain, fainting, or shortness of breath, the training was promptly terminated

This group consisted of twenty female patients suffering from hypertension who received the same drugs as group (A) as well as reflexology three times per week for eight weeks .

Following four weeks of treatment (post-1) and additional four weeks of treatment (post-2) the post evaluation was used (post-2).Before and after the foot reflexology, blood pressure was checked twice. Around 20 minutes is spent on foot reflexology .

Following four weeks of treatment (post-1) and additional four weeks of treatment (post-2) the post evaluation was used (post-2).Before and after the foot reflexology, blood pressure was checked twice. Around 20 minutes is spent on foot reflexology .

Each patient in this study did 20 minutes of peddler aerobic training, with the first 5 minutes serving as a warm-up with intensity set at 60 - 65 percent of maximal heart rate, followed by another 10 minutes of peddler training with intensity gradually increased up to 70 - 75 percent, and the last 5 minutes serving as a cooling down with intensity set at 60 - 65 percent of maximal heart rate. After the warm-up and at the end of each training phase, the participants' heart rates were monitored. Finally, if the individual experienced pain, fainting, or shortness of breath, the training was promptly terminated as well as reflexology three times each week for eight weeks

The Insomnia severity index is a 7-item self-report questionnaire assessing the nature, severity, and impact of insomnia. The usual recall period is the "last month" and the dimensions evaluated are: severity of sleep onset, sleep maintenance, and early morning awakening problems, sleep dissatisfaction, interference of sleep difficulties with daytime functioning, notice ability of sleep problems by others, and distress caused by the sleep difficulties. A 5-point Likert scale is used to rate each item (e.g., 0 = no problem; 4 = very severe problem),

Total score categories:

0-7 = No clinically significant insomnia 8-14 = Subthreshold insomnia 15-21 = Clinical insomnia (moderate severity) 22-28 = Clinical insomnia (severe) The higher score is the worse outcome.

it is used for measuring health-related quality of life (HRQL) which consists of 36 questions (SF-36) (limitations on physical functioning because of health problems), it was done personal interviewing using Arabic version

it consisted of systolic blood pressure which measures the pressure in arteries when heart beats and diastolic blood pressure which measures the pressure in arteries when heart rests between beats.