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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Kirsehir Ahi Evran Universitesi | OTHER |
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Role of Thoracolumbar Fascia Stretching on Pain Parameters with Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain
These findings demonstrate the significant impact of chronic pain on connective tissue health and highlight the importance of addressing this issue in the management of CLBP.
Chronic pain contributes to the persistence of chronic local connective tissue inflammation, resulting in fibrosis, connective tissue adhesions, and decreased mobility of the thoracolumbar fascia (TLF) in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP).
Furthermore, an increase in TLF thickness, possibly due to structural changes in the connective tissue, is associated with pain severity.
Stretching the fascia is a crucial aspect of manual and movement therapies. The results of this study provide evidence for the effectiveness of TLF stretching in reducing pain and improving pain sensitivity in CLBP patients.
The language used was clear, objective, and value-neutral, avoiding biased, emotional, figurative, or ornamental language.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of TLF stretching on pain characteristics, including pain intensity, pressure pain threshold (PPT), temporal summation, pain sensitivity, and the impact of pain on activity in CLBP patients.
The study design was a randomized controlled trial and cross-sectional study.
Passive tone and impersonal construction were employed, and first-person perspectives were avoided unless necessary. High-level, standard language with consistent technical terms was used, and common sentence structure was adhered to.
The study was conducted from November 2023 to January 2024 and involved 30 participants with nonspecific chronic low back pain, aged 20-60 years, who were randomly assigned to either the study group (n=15; 7 men, 8 women) or the control group (n=15; 7 men, 8 women).
The study group received a 4-week TLF fascial stretching exercise (10 times per day) in addition to the conventional physiotherapy program, while the control group only received the conventional physiotherapy program. The study measured pain intensity using a 10-point numerical rating scale (NRS), pressure pain threshold (PPT), and temporal summation by an algometer (from TLF levels of lumbar 1 and 3 vertebrae (L1, L3) and 12th costa) as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes comprised pain sensitivity assessed by the Pain Sensitivity Scale (PSS) and the effects of pain on activity measured by the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| TLF fascial stretching exercise | Active Comparator | The study group received a 4-week TLF fascial stretching exercise (10 times per day) in addition to the conventional physiotherapy program, while the control group only received a conventional physiotherapy program |
|
| conventional physiotherapy program | Active Comparator | The study group received a 4-week TLF fascial stretching exercise (10 times per day) in addition to the conventional physiotherapy program, while the control group only received a conventional physiotherapy program. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TLF fascial stretching exercise | Other | Relaxed lumbo-pelvic upright sitting with arms in neutral anatomical position (O'Sullivan et al., 2006). The subjects had to bend both knee flexed 90. The feet of the Participant lied flat on the ground. Trunk was in aligned position and the angle between upper body and lower body was 90. Seated position led to caudal tensioning of the pTLF via stretching of the gluteus maximus (GM) Seated position with passive arms elevation Seated position with passive caudal stretching of TLF through thigh elevation. The subjects had to bend both hips while keeping their feet onto a stool (30 cm high) so to pull the GM and the TLF |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain threshold | Pain threshold levels were analysed with algometer. | 12 weeks |
| Temporal summation | With a cotton-tipped applicator, the points T12, L1 and L3 were tapped with a frequency of 1 cm/second. This is usually the site of cutaneous allodynia and trigger points. Three strokes were given at a predetermined interval. After each tap, patients were asked to rate the level of pain caused by the cotton-tipped applicator on a scale from 1 to 10. The primary outcome was pain level, which was scored from 1 to 10. Patients gave their responses verbally and these responses were recorded by the researcher. | 12 weeks |
| NRS(Numerical rating scales) | We used a 10-point numerical rating scale (NRS) to assess the patient's current pain. | 12 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pain Sensitivity Scale (PSS) | In the questionnaire consisting of 17 questions, the patient's sensitivity to pain is measured with the pain sensitivity questionnaire. In the questionnaire with a 10-point Likert scale, the patient rates the pain experienced according to the questions asked. | 12 weeks |
| Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Naime Uluğ, PhD. | Contact | +90 (312) 586 6110 | naime.ulug@atilim.edu.tr | |
| seyde kodak, MSc | Contact | +905511607016 | seyde.kodak@ahievran.edu.tr |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Naime Uluğ, PhD. | ATILIM UNİVERSİTY | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Atılım University | Recruiting | Ankara | Turkey (Türkiye) |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D010146 | Pain |
| D017116 | Low Back Pain |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009461 | Neurologic Manifestations |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001416 | Back Pain |
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| conventional physiotherapy program. | Other | hotpack, ultrasound ,Tens |
|
The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) scale is used to measure the effects of pain on activity, mood, walking, human relationships, sleep and enjoyment of life. It is graded on a 10-point Likert scale, with an increase in the total score indicating the negative effect of pain on the parameters. |
| 12 weeks |