Effects of Manual Lymphatic Drainage and Therapeutic Ultrasound on Breast Engorgement

Combined Effects of Manual Lymphatic Drainage and Therapeutic Ultrasound on Breast Engorgement, Pain and Self Efficacy in Postpartum Women

To find the combined effects of the manual lymphatic drainage with therapeutic ultrasound on breast engorgement, pain and self-efficacy in post - partum women.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Both primiparous or multiparous breastfeeding women
• BMI: ≤30-≥25 (14)
• Immediate puerperium with normal or C - section non-premature childbirth (19)
• Postnatal lactating mother with symptoms of breast engorgement

Exclusion Criteria:

• any breast infection, abscess, mastitis, breast cancer
• torn/bleeding or crack nipples
• any skin condition like dermatitis, psoriasis etc
• non-lactating mothers
• having heart pacemaker