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The purpose of this study is to investigate the use of single (SC) and multi-chamber (MC) blood flow restriction (BFR) cuff exercise on indices of arterial stiffness, muscle morphology, and participant perception.
Thirty adults aged 18-40 years old will undergo three treatment sessions (control (no BFR), SC BFR, and MC BFR) in a randomized order separated by one week. A familiarization session will also occur one week before starting the treatment period. Each subject will undergo a series of tests including anthropometry, ultrasonography of the carotid artery, applanation tonometry, ultrasonography of the vastus lateralis, blood pressure acquisition, body composition, and maximal strength assessments (1RM). The exercise trial will consist of sets of dumbbell wall squats performed to failure with a 2-seconds concentric and 2-seconds eccentric cadence, at 20% of their 1RM using 60% of the supine limb occlusion pressure (LOP) with 1-minute rest intervals. Assessments will be performed immediately before and after the exercise bout during each treatment session. Two-way ANOVAs will be used to examine the main effects of treatment and treatment-order interaction on pulse wave velocity, muscle cross-sectional area, and perceptual response.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| single chamber blood flow restriction cuff | Experimental | Single Chamber BFR (Delfi, Vancouver, Canada) training devices will be used for exercise and testing sessions (see attachment). Cuffs will be placed around the right and left proximal thigh. The LOP will be set at 60% immediately before exercise and will be applied during the entire exercise set (approximately 30-60 seconds in duration) in accordance with manufacturer specifications. The cuffs will maintain pressure during training and rest periods. The LOP will be decreased to 0% immediately after the set is completed. |
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| Multiple chamber blood flow restriction cuff | Experimental | Multiple chamber BFR (B-Strong, Park City, UT) training devices will be used for exercise and testing sessions (see attachment). Cuffs will be placed around the right and left proximal thigh. The LOP will be set at 60% immediately before exercise and will be applied during the entire exercise set (approximately 30-60 seconds in duration) in accordance with manufacturer specifications. The cuffs will maintain pressure during training and rest periods. The LOP will be decreased to 0% immediately after the set is completed. |
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| No BFR cuff | Placebo Comparator | No cuff will be worn during the training session. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Delfi | Device | Cuffs will be worn throughout the entire training session. Training session consist of lower intensity wall squats. Four sets of wall squats will be performed to failure. Arterial stiffness and muscle morphological assessments will be conducted before and after the exercise. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Arterial Stiffness | A measurement of vascular health. | Prior to and 10-minutes after the exercise intervention |
| Muscle Morphology | A measurement of vastus lateralis cross sectional area | Prior to and immediately after the exercise intervention |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salisbury University | Salisbury | Maryland | 21801 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39610655 | Derived | Rolnick N, de Queiros VS, Moghaddam M, Peikon E, Taylor S, Watson S, Ruffhead C, Zupnik S, Werner T. Cardiovascular, perceptual, and performance responses to single- vs. multi-chambered blood flow restriction cuffs. Front Sports Act Living. 2024 Nov 14;6:1469356. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1469356. eCollection 2024. |
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The plan is to share data when requested
Data will be shared after study is published for five years.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
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Participants will undergo three treatment sessions (control (no BFR), SC BFR, and MC BFR) in a randomized order separated by one week.
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Unable to blind due to differences in cuff size and appearance.
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