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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| German Research Foundation | OTHER |
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The aim of the 3-year longitudinal study is to investigate the cardiovascular system's response to training loads in young athletes. For the first time, these parameters will be examined alongside biochemical and metabolic laboratory measures, as well as body composition. The study focuses on the impact of training frequency and intensity, as well as performance, on cardiovascular structure and function.
The following research questions are being investigated:
What structural and functional cardiovascular changes can be observed in young athletes compared to the norm?
What is the relationship between cardiac and vascular parameters depending on the athletic load (training frequency and intensity) as well as athletic performance?
Do cardiac/vascular parameters change over the course of the study, and what role do athletic load (training frequency and intensity) as well as athletic performance play?
What laboratory chemical changes can be observed in young athletes depending on the athletic load (training frequency and intensity) as well as athletic performance?
What connections exist between laboratory chemical parameters and cardiac and vascular parameters in young athletes?
Is there a correlation between structural and functional cardiovascular changes and body composition as well as eating behavior?
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| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Vascular stiffness | Vascular stiffness of the A. carotis communis, sonographic assessment, result in (%) strain | Once every year over 3 years |
| Peripheral and central blood pressure | Assessment via blood pressure cuff, result in (mmHg) Pulse Wave Velocity | Once every year over 3 years |
| Left Ventricular internal end diastolic diameter (LVIDd) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (mm) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Left ventricular posterior wall end diastole (LVPWd) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (mm) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Interventricular septum thickness (IVSd) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (mm) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Left ventricular mass (LVM) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (g) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Relative wall thickness (RWT) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (mm) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Ejection fraction (EF) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (%) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Physical Fitness | Spiroergometric measure of VO2max | Once every year over 3 years |
| Nutritional Status | Assessment of dietary habits and nutritional status via the validated Healthy Eating Index (HEI).Originally developed in the USA, it was adapted to the German recommendations on food consumption.Higher scores are associated with higher compliance with the official diet recommendations. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Participants aged ≥7 and <18 years, which are participating in athletic competitions, engage in regular training in a primary sport and are members of a club and/or association, with a training load of ≥3 hours per week The participants are recruited at the Pediatric Sports Medicine Outpatient Clinic at the Chair of Preventive Pediatrics. Children and adolescents voluntarily present themselves for sports fitness examinations, either for their competitive activities or as a requirement. These include young athletes who have been examined in previous years or those undergoing a sports fitness examination for the first time.
| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tobias Engl, Dipl. Sportwiss. Univ. | Contact | +49 89 289 24598 | tobias.engl@tum.de | |
| Jonas Haferanke, M.Sc. | Contact | +49 89 289 24579 | jonas.haferanke@tum.de |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Thorsten Schulz, Dr. | Technical University of Munich | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sportmedizinische Ambulanz für Kinder und Jugendliche | Recruiting | München | Bavaria | 80992 | Germany |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31649936 | Background | Baumgartner L, Schulz T, Oberhoffer R, Weberruss H. Influence of Vigorous Physical Activity on Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular System in Young Athletes-The MuCAYA-Study. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2019 Oct 9;6:148. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2019.00148. eCollection 2019. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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Whole blood, Serum, Blood Plasma
| Once every year over 3 years |
| Fractional shortening (FS) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (%) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Left ventricular diastolic function (E', E/E', A', E'/A', E-Wave, A-Wave, E/A) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (cm/s) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Left ventricular systolic function (S', S) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (cm/s) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Left Atrial Diameter and Right Atrial Diameter and Diameter/Body Surface Area | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (cm) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Left Atrial and Right Atrial Volume/Body Surface Area | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (ml/m²) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Left atrial peak longitudinal strain (L-PALS) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (%) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Left atrial peak contraction strain (L-PACS) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (%) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Left atrial total strain | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (%) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Right atrial peak longitudinal strain (R-PALS) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (%) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Right atrial peak contraction strain (R-PACS) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (%) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Global longitudinal strain (GLS) | Echocardiographic assessment, result in (%) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Intima-Media-Thickness (IMT) | Intima-Media-Thickness (IMT) of the A. carotis communis, sonographic assessment, result in (mm) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Peripheral and central pulse pressure | Assessment via blood pressure cuff, result in (mmHg) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Pulse Wave Velocity | Assessment via blood pressure cuff, result in (ms) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Once every year over 3 years |
| Training Frequency | Assessment of training frequency via the MoMo activity questionnaire, result in (minutes/week) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Medical history | Current illnesses/injuries,Vaccination status, Allergies, Medication, Dietary supplements, Alcohol- and nicotine consumption, Drug use, Energy Drinks, Dietary Habits, Menarche and menstrual cycle in girls Family history of cardiovascular diseases, Unclear deaths, Sudden cardiac death, Marfan syndrome Training history, Symptoms during exercise such as shortness of breath, dizziness/syncope, palpitations or chest pain | Once every year over 3 years |
| Height | Measured via Stadiometer, result in (cm) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Weight | Measured on scale, result in (kg) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Body-Mass-Index | Calculated from Heigt and Weight, result in (kg/m²) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Bodyfat percentage | Measured via bioelectric impedance scale, result in (%) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Fat mass | Measured via bioelectric impedance scale, result in (kg) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Fat-free mass | Measured via bioelectric impedance scale, result in (kg) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Muscle mass | Measured via bioelectric impedance scale, result in (kg) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Water content | Measured via bioelectric impedance scale, result in (L) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Waist circumference | Measured via measuring tape, result in (cm) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Hip circumference | Measured via measuring tape, result in (cm) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Sitting height (cm) | Measured via Stadiometer, result in (cm) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Erythrocytes | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (/pL), | Once every year over 3 years |
| GOT (AST) | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (U/L) | Once every year over 3 years |
| GPT (ALT) | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (U/L) | Once every year over 3 years |
| GGT | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (U/L) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Cholesterol | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (mg/dL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| HDL-Cholesterol | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (mg/dL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Non-HDL (calc.) | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (mg/dL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| LDL-Cholesterol | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (mg/dL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Creatinine | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (mg/dL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Uric acid | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (mg/dL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| hsCRP | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (mg/dL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| fT3 | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (pg/mL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Glutathion peroxidase | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (U/L) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Superoxide dismutase | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (U/mL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Endothelin-1 | Venous blood sampling, blood plasma preparation and laboratory analysis, result in (pg/mL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Nitric Oxide | Venous blood sampling, blood plasma preparation and laboratory analysis, result in (μmol/L) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Ferritin | Venous blood sampling, blood plasma preparation and laboratory analysis, result in (ng/mL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Leptin | Venous blood sampling, blood plasma preparation and laboratory analysis, result in (ng/mL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Training intensity | Assessment of training intensity via the MoMo activity questionnaire, result in (metabolic equivalent task-minutes/week) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Hemoglobin | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (g/dL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| HBE/MCH | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (pg) | Once every year over 3 years |
| MCV | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (fL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Hematocrit | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (%) | Once every year over 3 years |
| MCHC | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (g/dL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| RDW (Ery) | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (%) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Thrombocytes | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (Tsnd/µL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Leukocytes | Venous blood sampling and laboratory analysis, result in (/nL) | Once every year over 3 years |
| Heart Rate | Assessment via blood pressure cuff, result in (bpm) | Once every year over 3 years |