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The project is designed as a large scale, cross-sectional study. The aim of the study is to investigate the association of micro- and macrovascular function with physical fitness and body composition in primary school children.
The investigators will examine whether physical fitness, body composition and blood pressure differently affect large and small arteries in young children. Furthermore, the investigators will examine whether pulmonary dysfunction is associated with vascular disorders and if subcutaneous advanced glycation endproducts (AGE's) mediate some of the vascular alterations observed.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical Activity, 20-meter shuttle run | Behavioral | cross-sectional physical activity assessment and medical screeening |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Association of arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity) with physical fitness in primary school children | Oscillometric calculation of central pulse wave velocity. | Through study completion, an average of 1 year. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Association of arteriolar-to-venular diameter ratio (AVR) with physical fitness in primary school children | Retinal vessel diameters by use of Static Retinal Vessel Analyzer (SVA-T). | Through study completion, an average of 1 year. |
| Association of subcutaneous advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) with body composition, blood pressure and physical fitness |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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ExAMIN YOUTH is a cooperative project between the department of sport, movement and health sciences (DSBG) of the University of Basel and the Cantonal Office of Sport of Basel-Stadt (COS-BS). Primary school children aged 6 to 8 years of the City of Basel are examined.The investigators expect to include n=1200 children in this cross-sectional study.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Henner Hanssen, Prof. Dr. med. | University of Basel | Principal Investigator |
| Lukas Zahner, Prof. Dr. | University of Basel | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bereich Sport- und Bewegungsmedizin, Abteilung Präventive Sportmedizin und Systemphysiologie | Basel | Canton of Basel-City | 4052 | Switzerland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 26105148 | Background | Imhof K, Zahner L, Schmidt-Trucksass A, Faude O, Hanssen H. Influence of physical fitness and activity behavior on retinal vessel diameters in primary schoolchildren. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2016 Jul;26(7):731-8. doi: 10.1111/sms.12499. Epub 2015 Jun 24. | |
| 26220100 | Background | Veijalainen A, Tompuri T, Haapala EA, Viitasalo A, Lintu N, Vaisto J, Laitinen T, Lindi V, Lakka TA. Associations of cardiorespiratory fitness, physical activity, and adiposity with arterial stiffness in children. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2016 Aug;26(8):943-50. doi: 10.1111/sms.12523. Epub 2015 Jul 29. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D063766 | Pediatric Obesity |
| D006973 | Hypertension |
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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Non-invasive, subcutaneous measurement of AGEs (skin autofluorescence). |
| Through study completion, an average of one year. |
| Association of lung function (FEV1/VC) with body composition, blood pressure and physical fitness | Handheld spirometer (EasyOne Diagnostic) to measure vital capacity (VC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume (FEV1) and the ratio of FEV1/VC. | Through study completion, an average of one year. |
| 25248341 | Background | Steinmann M, Abbas C, Singer F, Casaulta C, Regamey N, Haffner D, Fischer DC, Simonetti GD. Arterial stiffness is increased in asthmatic children. Eur J Pediatr. 2015 Apr;174(4):519-23. doi: 10.1007/s00431-014-2423-2. Epub 2014 Sep 25. |
| 37680774 | Derived | Hauser C, Lichtenstein E, Nebiker L, Streese L, Kochli S, Infanger D, Faude O, Hanssen H. Cardiorespiratory fitness and development of childhood cardiovascular risk: The EXAMIN YOUTH follow-up study. Front Physiol. 2023 Aug 23;14:1243434. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1243434. eCollection 2023. |
| 35490596 | Derived | Kochli S, Smith W, Lona G, Goikoetxea-Sotelo G, Breet Y, Botha-Le Roux S, Mokwatsi GG, Kruger R, Hanssen H. Obesity, blood pressure and retinal microvascular phenotype in a bi-ethnic cohort of young children. Atherosclerosis. 2022 Jun;350:51-57. doi: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2022.04.018. Epub 2022 Apr 21. |
| 34778141 | Derived | Kochli S, Deiseroth A, Hauser C, Streese L, Schmidt-Trucksass A, Faude O, Hanssen H. Body Composition and Physical Fitness Affect Central Hemodynamics in Young Children. Front Pediatr. 2021 Oct 27;9:750398. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.750398. eCollection 2021. |
| 33842418 | Derived | Kochli S, Endes K, Grenacher J, Streese L, Lona G, Hauser C, Deiseroth A, Zahner L, Hanssen H. Socioeconomic Status and Parental Lifestyle Are Associated With Vascular Phenotype in Children. Front Public Health. 2021 Mar 26;9:610268. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.610268. eCollection 2021. |
| 31731085 | Derived | Kochli S, Endes K, Bartenstein T, Usemann J, Schmidt-Trucksass A, Frey U, Zahner L, Hanssen H. Lung function, obesity and physical fitness in young children: The EXAMIN YOUTH study. Respir Med. 2019 Nov;159:105813. doi: 10.1016/j.rmed.2019.105813. Epub 2019 Nov 8. |
| 30571553 | Derived | Kochli S, Endes K, Steiner R, Engler L, Infanger D, Schmidt-Trucksass A, Zahner L, Hanssen H. Obesity, High Blood Pressure, and Physical Activity Determine Vascular Phenotype in Young Children. Hypertension. 2019 Jan;73(1):153-161. doi: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.118.11872. |
| D009750 |
| Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
| D012816 | Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D001519 | Behavior |