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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh | OTHER |
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This study will test if affordable air cleaning devices (box fans with a filter attached and/or ultraviolet light lamps) installed in classrooms can reduce the number of viral respiratory illnesses schoolchildren experience.
This cluster-randomized controlled trial in Bangladesh schools will examine whether low-cost air filtration and/or human-safe ultraviolet germicidal light interventions can reduce the incidence of schoolchildren's respiratory viral infections. The main study objectives are:
Methods: The study will take place in 60 government primary schools in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Within each enrolled school, 5 classrooms of students in grades 3, 4 and 5 will be randomly assigned to receive:
Why does this matter?: Clarifying the impact of low-cost practical solutions could support the adoption of these strategies that could reduce influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission in schools in order to reduce the burden of respiratory illness in these communities.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Box Fan | Experimental | Classrooms receive box fans equipped with a filter. |
|
| UV Germicidal Irradiation Lamp Unit | Experimental | Classrooms receive UV germicidal irradiation lamp unit(s). |
|
| Combined: Box Fan and UV Germicidal Irradiation Lamp Units | Experimental | Classrooms receive box fans equipped with a filter and UV germicidal irradiation lamp unit(s). |
|
| Non-Interventional Control | No Intervention | Classrooms receive no intervention to their standard classroom setup. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Box Fan | Device | Classrooms assigned to this arm will be equipped with 2 - 8 box fans each with a single minimum efficiency reporting value-14 (MERV-14) filter sufficient to increase effective air changes per hour to 12 based on the clean air delivery rate measured in cubic feet per minute of the box fan + filter * 60 divided by the room volume. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Total number of symptomatic respiratory illness episodes due to either Influenza or SARS- CoV-2 | Study personnel will visit each school twice weekly. They will identify any students within the study classrooms who were absent or who have symptoms consistent with the World Health Organization (WHO) definition of influenza like illness. For children who were absent or who have symptoms, study personnel will visit the child's home, and if the student's parent provides informed consent, collect more detailed information on signs and symptoms, and a throat swab from the child. The throat swab will be placed on viral transport media, placed on ice and transported to the One Health Laboratory at the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b). One aliquot from the specimen will be analyzed for Influenza A, Influenza B, and SARS-CoV-2. In the laboratory, nucleic acid in the throat swab specimen will be extracted and one-step real-time (RT)-PCR conducted to assess the presence of RNA from Influenza A, Influenza B or SARS-CoV-2. | Over 40 weeks of observation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Total number of symptomatic influenza-like illness episodes | Study personnel will visit each school twice weekly. They will identify any students within the study classrooms who were absent or who have symptoms consistent with the WHO definition of influenza like illness. | Over 40 weeks of observation |
| Total number of symptomatic influenza episodes |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mahbubur Rahman | Contact | +88 02 2222 77 001-10 | 4003 | Mahbubr@icddrb.org |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Stephen P Luby, MD | Stanford University | Principal Investigator |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000086382 | COVID-19 |
| D007251 | Influenza, Human |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011024 | Pneumonia, Viral |
| D011014 | Pneumonia |
| D012141 | Respiratory Tract Infections |
| D007239 | Infections |
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| UV Germicidal Irradiation Lamp Unit | Device | Classrooms assigned to this arm will be equipped with one or two 222nm wavelength light ultraviolet germicidal irradiation lamp units (number of units per classroom based on room volume). |
|
| Combined: Box Fan and UV Germicidal Irradiation Lamp Units | Device | Classrooms assigned to this arm will be equipped with both box fans and UV germicidal irradiation lamp units. |
|
Study personnel will visit each school twice weekly. They will identify any students within the study classrooms who were absent or who have symptoms consistent with the WHO definition of influenza like illness. For children who were absent or who have symptoms, study personnel will visit the child's home, and if the student's parent provides informed consent, collect more detailed information on signs and symptoms, and a throat swab from the child. The throat swab will be placed on viral transport media, placed on ice and transported to the One Health Laboratory at icddr,b. One aliquot from the specimen will be analyzed for Influenza A or Influenza B. In the laboratory, nucleic acid in the throat swab specimen will be extracted and one-step real-time RT-PCR conducted to assess the presence of RNA from Influenza A or Influenza B. |
| Over 40 weeks of observation |
| Total number of symptomatic SARS-CoV2 episodes | Study personnel will visit each school twice weekly. They will identify any students within the study classrooms who were absent or who have symptoms consistent with the WHO definition of influenza like illness. For children who were absent or who have symptoms, study personnel will visit the child's home, and if the student's parent provides informed consent, collect more detailed information on signs and symptoms, and a throat swab from the child. The throat swab will be placed on viral transport media, placed on ice and transported to the One Health Laboratory at icddr,b. One aliquot from the specimen will be analyzed for SARS-CoV2. In the laboratory, nucleic acid in the throat swab specimen will be extracted and one-step real-time RT-PCR conducted to assess the presence of RNA from SARS-CoV2. | Over 40 weeks of observation |
| Total number of student absentee episodes | Study personnel will visit each school twice weekly. They will identify any students within the study classrooms who were absent. | Over 40 weeks of observation |
| D014777 |
| Virus Diseases |
| D018352 | Coronavirus Infections |
| D003333 | Coronaviridae Infections |
| D030341 | Nidovirales Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D008171 | Lung Diseases |
| D012140 | Respiratory Tract Diseases |
| D009976 | Orthomyxoviridae Infections |