Factors Associated With Occluding the Upper Esophagus by Paratracheal Force

Factors Associated With Occluding the Upper Esophagus by Paratracheal Force

We aim to identify anatomical factors that affect upper esophageal occlusion during the application of paratracheal pressure.

Measure the sternomental distance, thyromental distance, neck length, neck circumference, Mallampati score, BMI, Neck motion, inter-incisor gap, thyrosternal distance. And analysis these factors are associated with upper esophageal occlusion or not.

Inclusion Criteria:

• ≥ 19 years old
• schedule for general anesthesia

Exclusion Criteria:

• Limited neck extension
• Abnormality or anomaly, history of surgery in the neck, esophagus, face, upper airway part.
• Who has weak teeth
• Who has pulmonary aspiration risk