Paratracheal Force Required for Occluding the Upper Esophagus

Paratracheal Force Required for Occluding the Upper Esophagus in Anesthetized and Paralyzed Patients

In this study, the median paratracheal force for occluding the upper esophagus are evaluated in anesthetized and paralyzed patients using the up-and-down technique.

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients who are scheduled for elective surgery under general anesthesia

Exclusion Criteria:

• diseases or anatomical abnormalities in the neck, larynx, pharynx or esophagus
• aspiration tendency
• history of carotid artery diseases or cerebrovascular diseases
• suspicious of thrombus in carotid artery on ultrasonographic examination