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This project aims to identify the effect of a 3-week grand tour (e.g. Tour de France) on physiological markers and the blood proteome in world-class cyclists.
Blood samples will be collected in world-tour cyclists in the fasted state (i) before, (ii) on the first resting day, (ii) on the second resting day, and (iv) on the final day of the Tour de France. Samples collected before and on the final day will be analyzed by proteomics, while sample from all timepoints will be assessed for specific cytokines to identify physiological markers of fatigue. In addition, questionnaires will be used to evaluate subjective feelings of fatigue and appetite.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cyclists | Elite cyclists participating in the Tour de France |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tour de France | Other | Participating in the Tour de France as cyclist |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Serum proteome abundance of cyclists during Tour de France | Change in serum proteome between start and end of Tour de France | Start of the Tour de France (day 0) - last day of the Tour de France (day 23) |
| Serum GDF15 (Growth and differentiation factor 15) concentration | Serum GDF15 throughout the grand tour | Start of the Tour de France (day 0) - restday 1 (day 11) - restday 2 (day 17) - last day of the Tour de France (day 23) |
| Blood haemoglobin concentration | Haematological profile of cyclists | Start of the Tour de France (day 0) - restday 1 (day 11) - restday 2 (day 17) - last day of the Tour de France (day 23) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Serum Leptin concentration | Serum leptin | Start of the Tour de France (day 0) - restday 1 (day 11) - restday 2 (day 17) - last day of the Tour de France (day 23) |
| Red blood cell concentration | Red blood cells |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Subjects participating in Tour de France
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| KU Leuven | Leuven | Vlaams-Brabant | 3000 | Belgium |
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Blood
| Start of the Tour de France (day 0) - restday 1 (day 11) - restday 2 (day 17) - last day of the Tour de France (day 23) |
| White blood cell concentration | White blood cells | Start of the Tour de France (day 0) - restday 1 (day 11) - restday 2 (day 17) - last day of the Tour de France (day 23) |
| Serum ghrelin concentration | Blood ghrelin | Start of the Tour de France (day 0) - restday 1 (day 11) - restday 2 (day 17) - last day of the Tour de France (day 23) |
| Serum FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21) concentration | Blood FGF21 | Start of the Tour de France (day 0) - restday 1 (day 11) - restday 2 (day 17) - last day of the Tour de France (day 23) |
| Serum free BDNF (brain-derived neutrophic factor) concentration | Blood BDNF | Start of the Tour de France (day 0) - restday 1 (day 11) - restday 2 (day 17) - last day of the Tour de France (day 23) |