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The study has been conducted in Urology department at Kafrelsheikh University Hospital between March 2022 to March 2023. informed consent was taken from eligible patients and were randomized into three groups, Group A :Flexible ureteroscope (F-URS) group underwent holmium laser lithotripsy using flexible ureteroscopy (BostonĀ® scientific (lithovue) while, Group B : extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) group underwent electromagnetic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (STORZĀ® MEDICAL Modulith SLX-F2 FD21, Germany) .Group C : Mini perc group underwent holmium laser lithotripsy using KarlĀ® Storz MIP set.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Group A :Flexible ureteroscope group | Active Comparator | Flexible ureteroscope (F-URS) group underwent holmium laser lithotripsy using flexible ureteroscopy (BostonĀ® scientific (lithovue) |
|
| Group B : extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) group | Active Comparator | extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) group underwent electromagnetic extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (STORZĀ® MEDICAL Modulith SLX-F2 FD21, Germany) |
|
| Group C : Mini perc group | Active Comparator | Mini perc group underwent holmium laser lithotripsy using KarlĀ® Storz MIP set. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lithotripsy using Flexible ureteroscope | Procedure | using Flexible ureteroscope and holmium laser lithotripsy to get high stone clearance rate |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| stone free rate | no stone residual fragments or asymptomatic insignificant residual fragments less than or equal to 4 mm during patients follow up two weeks. | after two weeks from primary procedure |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| assess operative time. | assess operative time.in minutes | during the procedure |
| visual analog scale | Patient self dependent to assess degree of own pain, consists of a 10cm line, with two end points representing 0 minimum score('no pain') and 10 maximum score('pain as bad as it could possibly be').higher scores mean a worse outcome. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
ā¢ multiple renal stones
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kafrelsheikh University hospital | Kafr ash Shaykh | Egypt |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39736616 | Derived | Zeinelabden KM, Abdelhalim E, Galal M, Abdelbaky T, Nabeeh H. Flexible ureteroscopy, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy for management of lower pole renal hard stones </= 2 cm: a prospective randomized study. BMC Urol. 2024 Dec 30;24(1):288. doi: 10.1186/s12894-024-01644-z. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D053040 | Nephrolithiasis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007674 | Kidney Diseases |
| D014570 | Urologic Diseases |
| D052776 | Female Urogenital Diseases |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D008096 | Lithotripsy |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D059708 | Ultrasonic Surgical Procedures |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
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| extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) | Procedure | using extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) to get high stone clearance rate |
|
| holmium laser lithotripsy using KarlĀ® Storz MIP set | Procedure | using holmium laser lithotripsy using KarlĀ® Storz MIP set to get high stone clearance rate |
|
| immediately after the surgery |
| Radiation time | Time of patient exposure for radiation in minutes | during the procedure |
| Post operative complication | Complication may occur post operative complication like fever, sever pain | Up to 48 hours |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D052878 | Urolithiasis |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |