Influences of Long Term Hormone Therapy on Physical Fitness and Vascular Function in Transgender Women

Influences of Long Term Hormone Therapy on Physical Fitness and Vascular Function in Transgender Women

Transgender women who transitioned from male to female by hormone therapy demonstrate similar physical fitness and vascular function to males or females.

This cross-sectional study was to compare physical fitness and vascular function between cisgender men, cisgender women, and transgender women.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Cisgender men group (Body mass index between 18.5-24.9 and NO NCDs).
2. Cisgender women group (Body mass index between 18.5-24.9, No pregnant, NO NCDs).
3. Transgender women with orchiectomy (Body mass index between 18.5-24.9, taking estradiol, testosterone level below 10 nmol/L, NO NCDs).
4. Transgender women without orchiectomy (Body mass index between 18.5-24.9, taking estradiol and anti-androgen, testosterone level below 10 nmol/L, NO NCDs).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Participants had an injury during testing.