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The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of extracorporeal photopheresis in subclinical antibody-mediated rejection after lung transplantation.The main questions it aims to answer are:
Participants will be randomized into two groups. Each group will include 40 patients. The control group will be observed and no active treatment will be administered. The treatment group will receive extracorporeal photopheresis. First, a two-day treatment cycle will be performed once every second week for the first two months. Then, a two-day treatment cycle will be performed once a month for 6 months.
Researchers will compare the two groups regarding: MFI value, development of ACR, clinical AMR, CLAD, infections, survival, adverse events, immunophenotyping, miRNA expression profiling, cytokine expression, gene expression signature of PBMCs and proteomic characterization.
Donor-specific antibodies (DSA) and antibody-mediated rejection have gained significant attention recently due to their serious consequences, but there are limited effective treatments for persistent DSAs in patients without graft dysfunction due to their associated severe side effects. Our center demonstrated that extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) can potentially reduce the mean fluorescence intensity of dnDSAs in recipients with antibody-mediated rejection (AMR), suggesting it as a safe option for treating subclinical AMR with dnDSAs and inducing tolerogenic immunomodulation in this complex population.
The hypothesis underlying the proposed randomized controlled trial is that ECP might have the potential to reduce the burden of de novo donor-specific antibodies after lung transplantation, by modulating host humoral alloresponse and promoting tolerance, without provoking side effects.
Our primary objective is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of ECP in terms of reduction of dnDSAs titer in clinically stable patients with persistent (>6 months) dnDSAs (MFI>1000). As secondary objective, we intend to assess the therapeutic effect of ECP on incidence of clinical AMR, ACR, CLAD, survival and occurrence of infectious complications as well as the rate of adverse effects. Our experimental objectives are to provide an in-depth analysis of the immunological effects of ECP.
80 patients with persistent dnDSAs (> 3 months) with a MFI > 1000 will be randomized into two groups. Each group will include 40 patients. Patients will be stratified according to the presence of HLA-DQ. The control group will be observed and no active treatment will be administered. This is our standard of care in the studied clinical situation. Treatment group will receive extracorporeal photopheresis. First, a two-day treatment cycle will be performed once every second week for the first two months. Then, a two-day treatment cycle will be performed once a month for 6 months. To elucidate the specific mechanisms of ECP in modulating humoral alloresponse, a series of studies are planned: 1) flow cytometric immunophenotyping, 2) miRNA expression profiling, 3) cytokine expression, 4) gene expression signature of PBMCs, 5) proteomic characterization.
The proposed study aims to address this clinical need by investigating the effects of a safe therapeutic modality such as ECP. This study may have a dual benefit: first, it may reduce the burden of dnDSAs in lung transplant recipients, thereby reducing the incidence of antibody-mediated rejection, and second, it may promote host tolerance to the graft. In addition, we will investigate the immunomodulatory mechanisms of ECP in the context of humoral allogeneic response, which has not been previously investigated.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment Group | Experimental | Treatment group will receive extracorporeal photopheresis. First, a two-day treatment cycle will be performed once every second week for the first two months. Then, a two-day treatment cycle will be performed once a month for 6 months. |
|
| Control Group | No Intervention | Control group will be observed and no active treatment will be administered. This is our standard of care in the studied clinical situation. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extracorporeal Photopheresis | Procedure | Patients randomized into the interventional group will receive ECP. ECP will be started within one week after randomization. Initially a two-day treatment cycle will be performed once every second week for the first two months. Then, a two-day treatment cycle will be performed once a month for 6 months. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Reduction of dnDSA titer from baseline MFI | Difference of MFI values at the start and at the end of the six month period | 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Incidence of clinical AMR, ACR, CLAD, survival, infectious complications, adverse effects | Incidence of clinical AMR, ACR, CLAD, survival, infectious complications, adverse effects | 6 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caroline Hillebrand, MD | Contact | +4314040069470 | +436641107970 | caroline.hillebrand@outlook.com |
| Alberto Benazzo, MD PhD | Contact | +4314040052600 | alberto.benazzo@meduniwien.ac.at |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Alberto Benazzo, MD PhD | Medical University of Vienna | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical University of Vienna | Recruiting | Vienna | 1090 | Austria |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 34446355 | Background | Chambers DC, Perch M, Zuckermann A, Cherikh WS, Harhay MO, Hayes D Jr, Hsich E, Khush KK, Potena L, Sadavarte A, Lindblad K, Singh TP, Stehlik J; International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. The International Thoracic Organ Transplant Registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Thirty-eighth adult lung transplantation report - 2021; Focus on recipient characteristics. J Heart Lung Transplant. 2021 Oct;40(10):1060-1072. doi: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.07.021. Epub 2021 Jul 31. | |
| 34738249 |
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There is not a plan to make IPD available.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D017893 | Photopheresis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011701 | PUVA Therapy |
| D014467 | Ultraviolet Therapy |
| D010789 | Phototherapy |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
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| UZ Leuven | Not yet recruiting | Leuven | Belgium |
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| University Hospital Center Zagreb | Not yet recruiting | Zagreb | Croatia |
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| Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet | Not yet recruiting | Copenhagen | Denmark |
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| Hôpital Foch | Not yet recruiting | Suresnes | France |
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| Policlinico San Matteo Pavia Fondazione IRCCS | Not yet recruiting | Pavia | Italy |
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| University Medical Centre Ljubljana | Not yet recruiting | Ljubljana | Slovenia |
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| Background |
| Benazzo A, Auner S, Boehm PM, Morscher A, Schwarz S, Vidmar B, Dzubur F, Schweiger T, Hoda AM, Moser B, Matilla JR, Murakozy G, Lang G, Taghavi S, Klepetko W, Hoetzenecker K, Jaksch P. Outcomes with alemtuzumab induction therapy in lung transplantation: a comprehensive large-scale single-center analysis. Transpl Int. 2021 Dec;34(12):2633-2643. doi: 10.1111/tri.14153. Epub 2021 Nov 16. |
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| D005112 |
| Extracorporeal Circulation |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |