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Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus nerve stimulation may be successful in cardiac modulation because of the cardiac connections of the vagal nerve. Therefore, in order to observe the cardiac effects, it was analysed the changes in pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure after transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation application.
Participants were divided into four groups (Figure 1) according to PNS and SNS indexes as Group 1 (PNS index <-2, SNS index >+2), Group 2 (PNS index <-2, SNS index <+2), Group 3 (PNS index >-2, SNS index >+2), Group 4 (PNS index >-2, SNS index <+2). Participants were assessed with blood pressure, pulse rate and HRV before and after taVNS stimulation. Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) index and parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) index values were assumed to be between -2 and +2 (95%) in the normal population according to Kubios software, and the grouping method was based on this situation.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| PNS Index<-2 and SNS Index>2 | Experimental | Participants with Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) and Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) Indexes values ''PNS<-2, SNS>2'' according to the results of heart rate variability measurements were included in this group. Then bilateral transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation was performed. |
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| PNS Index<-2 and SNS Index<2 | Experimental | Participants with Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) and Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) Indexes values ''PNS<-2, SNS<2'' according to the results of heart rate variability measurements were included in this group. Then bilateral transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation was performed. |
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| PNS Index>-2 and SNS Index>2 | Experimental | Participants with Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) and Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) Indexes values ''PNS>-2, SNS>2'' according to the results of heart rate variability measurements were included in this group. Then bilateral transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation was performed. |
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| PNS Index>-2 and SNS Index<2 | Experimental | Participants with Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) and Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) Indexes values ''PNS>-2, SNS<2'' according to the results of heart rate variability measurements were included in this group. Then bilateral transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation was performed. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation | Device | Through a special Ear set, bilateral Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation was applied to all participants for 20 minutes. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Pulse Rate | The pulse rate of the participants was measured with an electronic blood pressure monitor. | Up to 6 Months |
| Systolic Blood Pressure | The systolic blood pressure of the participants was measured with an electronic blood pressure monitor. | Up to 6 Months |
| Diastolic Blood Pressure | The diastolic blood pressure of the participants was measured with an electronic blood pressure monitor. | Up to 6 Months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Alper Perçin, Ph.D. | Igdir University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Igdir University | Iğdır | Merkez | 76000 | Turkey (Türkiye) |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33355897 | Background | Wang Y, Li SY, Wang D, Wu MZ, He JK, Zhang JL, Zhao B, Hou LW, Wang JY, Wang L, Wang YF, Zhang Y, Zhang ZX, Rong PJ. Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation: From Concept to Application. Neurosci Bull. 2021 Jun;37(6):853-862. doi: 10.1007/s12264-020-00619-y. Epub 2020 Dec 23. | |
| 25614179 | Background |
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It is not preferred to share the data until the study is published.
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After the participants were included in the study, heart rate variability was measured and divided into 4 groups according to PNS and SNS indexes.
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The evaluations were carried out by the second researcher
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