difficulty recruiting participants

The purpose of this study is to create models out of tissue samples and treat those models with the same immunotherapy treatment the patient will be receiving, in order to validate this process and to predict responses to therapies and use it to choose the best treatments for people in the future. The researchers will then examine the direct effects of the treatment on those models.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. ≥ 18 years old at the time of informed consent
2. Ability to provide written informed consent and HIPAA authorization
3. Biopsy proven diagnosis of cancer
4. Able to obtain at least 2 16 gage cores of fresh tissue safely (3 or more cores preferred)
5. Planning to undergo standard of care Immunotherapy
6. Baseline standard of care CT within 8 weeks of starting Immunotherapy

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Inability to provide fresh biopsy sample
2. Any active infections
3. Any conditions that in the opinion of treating physician and the study team will compromise the ability of the patient to receive prescribed treatment to assess the response.

Subjects who are planning on receiving a fresh biopsy sample will be identified in the IU Oncology outpatient clinics or by referral from outside physicians.