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Out-of-office blood pressure is more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk than office blood pressure. Licorice is known to raise blood pressure, but no previous studies have measured the effects on home blood pressure. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between licorice intake and home blood pressure.
For a detailed background, please see Clinical Trials registration number NCT05661721. In brief, out-of-office blood pressure is more strongly associated with cardiovascular risk than office blood pressure. Licorice is known to raise blood pressure, but no previous studies have measured the effects on home blood pressure. In a previous study, the response to licorice intake varied between participants. The aim of this study is to analyze the response of the most "licorice sensitive" quartile of participants from the original study to lower dosages of licorice, corresponding to 20 and 50 milligram och GA daily.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Licorice | Experimental | 2 weeks of licorice corresponding to 20 mg of glycyrrhizic acid followed by 2 weeks of licorice corresponding to 50 mg of glycyrrhizic acid. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Licorice | Other | Ecologic sweet licorice pastilles made from Glycyrrhiza glabra grown in Calabria, Italy, with a GA content of 29.9 ±2.0 mg/g. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Systolic home blood pressure | Systolic home blood pressure | 3 days before interventions and 28 days during intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Diastolic home blood pressure | Diastolic home blood pressure | 3 days before interventions and 28 days during intervention |
| Body weight | Body weight |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Fredrik H Nyström, MD, PhD | Linkoeping University | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cityhälsan Centrum | Norrköping | Östergötland County | 60239 | Sweden |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30234752 | Background | Williams B, Mancia G, Spiering W, Agabiti Rosei E, Azizi M, Burnier M, Clement DL, Coca A, de Simone G, Dominiczak A, Kahan T, Mahfoud F, Redon J, Ruilope L, Zanchetti A, Kerins M, Kjeldsen SE, Kreutz R, Laurent S, Lip GYH, McManus R, Narkiewicz K, Ruschitzka F, Schmieder RE, Shlyakhto E, Tsioufis C, Aboyans V, Desormais I; Authors/Task Force Members:. 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Hypertension: The Task Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology and the European Society of Hypertension. J Hypertens. 2018 Oct;36(10):1953-2041. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001940. | |
| 31615045 |
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As specified below.
After publication in a peer-reviewed journal and for the period of time for which local archive regulations stipulate.
To be determined on a case by case basis.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000075222 | Essential Hypertension |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006973 | Hypertension |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C000722286 | Glycyrrhiza glabra extract |
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| Day 0, 14 and 28 |
| Plasma sodium | Plasma sodium | Day 0, 14 and 28 |
| Plasma potassium | Plasma potassium | Day 0, 14 and 28 |
| Plasma creatinine | Plasma creatinine | Day 0, 14 and 28 |
| Plasma N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide | Plasma N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide | Day 0, 14 and 28 |
| Plasma renin | Plasma renin | Day 0, 14 and 28 |
| Serum aldosterone | Serum aldosterone | Day 0, 14 and 28 |
| Background |
| Deutch MR, Grimm D, Wehland M, Infanger M, Kruger M. Bioactive Candy: Effects of Licorice on the Cardiovascular System. Foods. 2019 Oct 14;8(10):495. doi: 10.3390/foods8100495. |
| 34269334 | Background | Parati G, Stergiou GS, Bilo G, Kollias A, Pengo M, Ochoa JE, Agarwal R, Asayama K, Asmar R, Burnier M, De La Sierra A, Giannattasio C, Gosse P, Head G, Hoshide S, Imai Y, Kario K, Li Y, Manios E, Mant J, McManus RJ, Mengden T, Mihailidou AS, Muntner P, Myers M, Niiranen T, Ntineri A, O'Brien E, Octavio JA, Ohkubo T, Omboni S, Padfield P, Palatini P, Pellegrini D, Postel-Vinay N, Ramirez AJ, Sharman JE, Shennan A, Silva E, Topouchian J, Torlasco C, Wang JG, Weber MA, Whelton PK, White WB, Mancia G; Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability of the European Society of Hypertension. Home blood pressure monitoring: methodology, clinical relevance and practical application: a 2021 position paper by the Working Group on Blood Pressure Monitoring and Cardiovascular Variability of the European Society of Hypertension. J Hypertens. 2021 Sep 1;39(9):1742-1767. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000002922. |
| 2079112 | Background | Spinks EA, Fenwick GR. The determination of glycyrrhizin in selected UK liquorice products. Food Addit Contam. 1990 Nov-Dec;7(6):769-78. doi: 10.1080/02652039009373939. |
| 27979300 | Background | Rizzato G, Scalabrin E, Radaelli M, Capodaglio G, Piccolo O. A new exploration of licorice metabolome. Food Chem. 2017 Apr 15;221:959-968. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.11.068. Epub 2016 Nov 17. |